Proportion not progressing to next birth by cumulative number of child fatalities and time at risk in years since last birth. Kaplan-Meier survival functions and log-rank tests for parity 2–6, marriage cohorts 1870–1949, in pooled sample for Sweden, Spain, and the Netherlands. Cases are weighted to adjust for the different sample sizes in the separate countries. Sources: Sweden: POPLINK Database, Demographic Database, Umeå University (2015). Spain: Aranjuez Civil Registers. Netherlands: Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN)