Table 1

Decomposition of changes in marriage and fertility across cohorts by women's education

EducationRate EffectCompositional Effect
A. Change in Average Number of Children per Woman, 1956–1960 to 1976–1980 Cohort 
 <High school graduate −0.169 (34.1) −0.620 (125.4) 
 High school graduate −0.198 (40.1) 0.105 (−21.3) 
 College graduate −0.073 (14.8) 0.403 (−81.6) 
 Graduate school degree −0.017 (3.4) 0.074 (−14.9) 
 Subtotal −0.457 (92.4) −0.038 (7.6) 
 Total −0.494 (100) 
B. Change in % Women Never Married, 1956–1960 to 1976–1980 Cohort 
 <High school graduate 0.034 (29.1) −0.037 (−31.0) 
 High school graduate 0.058 (48.7) 0.005 (4.0) 
 College graduate 0.019 (16.1) 0.027 (22.8) 
 Graduate school degree 0.004 (3.2) 0.008 (7.2) 
 Subtotal 0.115 (97.2) 0.004 (3.0) 
 Total 0.118 (100.2) 
C. Change in % Women Childless, 1956–1960 to 1976–1980 Cohort 
 <High school graduate 0.052 (31.9) −0.062 (−38.2) 
 High school graduate 0.083 (51.1) 0.008 (4.7) 
 College graduate 0.027 (16.6) 0.040 (24.3) 
 Graduate school degree 0.005 (3.1) 0.011 (6.9) 
 Subtotal 0.167 (102.7) −0.004 (−2.3) 
 Total 0.164 (100.4) 
EducationRate EffectCompositional Effect
A. Change in Average Number of Children per Woman, 1956–1960 to 1976–1980 Cohort 
 <High school graduate −0.169 (34.1) −0.620 (125.4) 
 High school graduate −0.198 (40.1) 0.105 (−21.3) 
 College graduate −0.073 (14.8) 0.403 (−81.6) 
 Graduate school degree −0.017 (3.4) 0.074 (−14.9) 
 Subtotal −0.457 (92.4) −0.038 (7.6) 
 Total −0.494 (100) 
B. Change in % Women Never Married, 1956–1960 to 1976–1980 Cohort 
 <High school graduate 0.034 (29.1) −0.037 (−31.0) 
 High school graduate 0.058 (48.7) 0.005 (4.0) 
 College graduate 0.019 (16.1) 0.027 (22.8) 
 Graduate school degree 0.004 (3.2) 0.008 (7.2) 
 Subtotal 0.115 (97.2) 0.004 (3.0) 
 Total 0.118 (100.2) 
C. Change in % Women Childless, 1956–1960 to 1976–1980 Cohort 
 <High school graduate 0.052 (31.9) −0.062 (−38.2) 
 High school graduate 0.083 (51.1) 0.008 (4.7) 
 College graduate 0.027 (16.6) 0.040 (24.3) 
 Graduate school degree 0.005 (3.1) 0.011 (6.9) 
 Subtotal 0.167 (102.7) −0.004 (−2.3) 
 Total 0.164 (100.4) 

Notes: Data are from the 2000–2020 census 1% sample. College graduate refers to a four-year college graduate. Percentages are shown in parentheses. The percentages may not sum exactly to 100 because of rounding errors. See Gupta (2006) for the decomposition method.

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