Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) from full models and predicted probability of spending any minutes with each adult child, by family structure and child type
| Dyad Type . | Family Structure . | Adult Child Type . | Any Minutes Spent With Adult Child (OR) . | Predicted Probability of Any Minutes . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | Total | Total | — | .135 | |
| F1–C1 | Biological, joint children only | Joint | Omitted | .159a | |
| F2–C1 | Stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren | Joint | 1.75* | (0.49) | .238b |
| F2–C2 | Stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren | Biological child of focal parent | 0.31* | (0.14) | .059 |
| F2–C3 | Stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren | Stepchild of focal parent | 0.37 | (0.23) | .070 |
| F3–C2 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from each partner | Biological child of focal parent | 0.71 | (0.14) | .122cc |
| F3–C3 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from each partner | Stepchild of focal parent | 0.26** | (0.06) | .052 |
| F4–C2 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from one partner | Biological child of focal parent | 0.47** | (0.12) | .087 |
| F4–C3 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from one partner | Stepchild of focal parent | 0.30** | (0.11) | .058 |
| Dyad Type . | Family Structure . | Adult Child Type . | Any Minutes Spent With Adult Child (OR) . | Predicted Probability of Any Minutes . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | Total | Total | — | .135 | |
| F1–C1 | Biological, joint children only | Joint | Omitted | .159a | |
| F2–C1 | Stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren | Joint | 1.75* | (0.49) | .238b |
| F2–C2 | Stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren | Biological child of focal parent | 0.31* | (0.14) | .059 |
| F2–C3 | Stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren | Stepchild of focal parent | 0.37 | (0.23) | .070 |
| F3–C2 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from each partner | Biological child of focal parent | 0.71 | (0.14) | .122cc |
| F3–C3 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from each partner | Stepchild of focal parent | 0.26** | (0.06) | .052 |
| F4–C2 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from one partner | Biological child of focal parent | 0.47** | (0.12) | .087 |
| F4–C3 | Stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from one partner | Stepchild of focal parent | 0.30** | (0.11) | .058 |
Notes: The table presents ORs and predictions of any minutes for the family structure–adult child type hypotheses (shown in Table 2) based on the full model in Table A4 (online appendix). The data include diary days from married and cohabiting parent–adult child dyads in which at least one partner is aged 60 or older. Standard errors are shown in parentheses.
Sources: The 2013 Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the 2013 Disability and Use of Time Supplement.
H4: difference from stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren/joint child not significant in hypothesized direction (F1–C1 > F2–C1); however, p < .05 for F1–C1 < F2–C1.
p < .05 for H5: difference from stepfamily, joint children and stepchildren/biological child of focal parent (F2–C1 > F2–C2).
p < .01 for H6b: difference from stepfamily, no joint children, biological children from each partner/stepchild of focal parent (F3–C2 > F3–C3).
p < .05; **p < .01 compared with biological family–joint child (F1–C1) based on the full model in Table A4 (online appendix)