Estimates of the effect of fathers' MPF on children's educational outcomes, controlling for the number of half-siblings
| Variable . | Grades (1) . | Grades (3) . | Low Grades (1) . | Low Grades (3) . | Dropout (1) . | Dropout (3) . | Bachelor's (1) . | Bachelor's (3) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nuclear Family, 1 Half-sibling | −0.183*** | −0.095*** | 0.054*** | 0.032** | 0.069*** | 0.039*** | −0.077*** | −0.046*** |
| [0.021] | [0.019] | [0.010] | [0.010] | [0.009] | [0.009] | [0.011] | [0.012] | |
| Nuclear Family, 2+ Half-siblings | −0.179*** | −0.112*** | 0.044** | 0.032* | 0.069*** | 0.041** | −0.075*** | −0.068*** |
| [0.033] | [0.031] | [0.015] | [0.015] | [0.014] | [0.014] | [0.016] | [0.018] | |
| Constant | 0.323*** | −2.234*** | ||||||
| [0.014] | [0.120] | |||||||
| 1 Half-sibling = 2+ Half-siblingsa | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.33 | 1.16 | ||||
| (.63) | (.97) | (.86) | (.31) | |||||
| Number of Observations | 74,139 | 74,139 | 75,260 | 75,260 | 75,111 | 75,111 | 75,132 | 75,132 |
| R2 | .079 | .278 |
| Variable . | Grades (1) . | Grades (3) . | Low Grades (1) . | Low Grades (3) . | Dropout (1) . | Dropout (3) . | Bachelor's (1) . | Bachelor's (3) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nuclear Family, 1 Half-sibling | −0.183*** | −0.095*** | 0.054*** | 0.032** | 0.069*** | 0.039*** | −0.077*** | −0.046*** |
| [0.021] | [0.019] | [0.010] | [0.010] | [0.009] | [0.009] | [0.011] | [0.012] | |
| Nuclear Family, 2+ Half-siblings | −0.179*** | −0.112*** | 0.044** | 0.032* | 0.069*** | 0.041** | −0.075*** | −0.068*** |
| [0.033] | [0.031] | [0.015] | [0.015] | [0.014] | [0.014] | [0.016] | [0.018] | |
| Constant | 0.323*** | −2.234*** | ||||||
| [0.014] | [0.120] | |||||||
| 1 Half-sibling = 2+ Half-siblingsa | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.33 | 1.16 | ||||
| (.63) | (.97) | (.86) | (.31) | |||||
| Number of Observations | 74,139 | 74,139 | 75,260 | 75,260 | 75,111 | 75,111 | 75,132 | 75,132 |
| R2 | .079 | .278 |
Notes: Coefficients for Grades are OLS estimates. Coefficients for Low Grades, Dropout, and Bachelor's are probit estimates showing marginal effects. Robust standard errors are shown in brackets. In model 1, additional covariates include dummy variables for male, birth year, and birth month. Model 3 is a comprehensive specification with the full set of covariates.
Hypothesis test of the difference in estimated coefficients, with p values shown in parentheses.
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001