Descriptive statistics for the analytic sample
| Measure . | Mean/Ratio/% . |
|---|---|
| Heteropatriarchy Scale (mean; range, 0–13) | 6.51 (0.32) |
| Structural sexism | |
| Ratio of men's/women's median income | 0.04 (0.01) |
| Ratio of men's/women's labor force participation | 0.00 (0.01) |
| Ratio of women's/men's unemployment rate | 0.00 (0.02) |
| % of votes cast for Republican president | 0.10 (0.09) |
| Conservative denomination adherents per capita | 0.19 (0.11) |
| Lesbian, gay, and bisexual policy (%) | |
| Employment discrimination protection for sexual orientation | 55.14 |
| Hate crime statute for sexual orientation | 58.52 |
| Same-sex marriage/domestic partnership/civil union/reciprocalbenefits relationship | 14.08 |
| Same-sex adoption legal | 19.91 |
| Abortion policy (%) | |
| Limited public funding for abortion | 69.90 |
| No abortion provider | 40.56 |
| Informed consent | |
| None | 36.02 |
| Informed consent but no mandatory waiting period | 18.35 |
| Informed consent and mandatory waiting period | 45.63 |
| Parental consent | |
| None | 18.84 |
| Not enforced | 17.27 |
| Enforced | 63.89 |
| Birth Outcome | |
| Preterm birth (%) | 11.95 |
| Low birth weight (%) | 7.23 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.31 (0.01) |
| Additional Covariates | |
| Maternal age (years) | 26.20 (0.20) |
| Sexual identity (closest) (%) | |
| 100% heterosexual | 82.86 |
| Mostly heterosexual | 14.09 |
| Mostly or 100% gay/bisexual | 2.53 |
| Not reported | 0.51 |
| Education (prior to birth) (%) | |
| Less than high school | 13.25 |
| High school (or equivalent) | 47.18 |
| Some college | 16.10 |
| Bachelor's degree or more | 23.47 |
| Relationship status (%) | |
| Married | 54.85 |
| Cohabiting | 22.76 |
| Dating | 16.27 |
| Just friends/stranger | 6.03 |
| Unknown | 0.09 |
| Race and ethnicity (%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 68.14 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 17.21 |
| Latina | 10.94 |
| Other | 3.71 |
| Poverty (%) | |
| First quintile | 28.57 |
| Second quintile | 21.51 |
| Third quintile | 23.82 |
| Fourth quintile | 26.10 |
| Region (%) | |
| 1 | 14.70 |
| 2 | 34.66 |
| 3 | 40.44 |
| 4 | 10.20 |
| Measure . | Mean/Ratio/% . |
|---|---|
| Heteropatriarchy Scale (mean; range, 0–13) | 6.51 (0.32) |
| Structural sexism | |
| Ratio of men's/women's median income | 0.04 (0.01) |
| Ratio of men's/women's labor force participation | 0.00 (0.01) |
| Ratio of women's/men's unemployment rate | 0.00 (0.02) |
| % of votes cast for Republican president | 0.10 (0.09) |
| Conservative denomination adherents per capita | 0.19 (0.11) |
| Lesbian, gay, and bisexual policy (%) | |
| Employment discrimination protection for sexual orientation | 55.14 |
| Hate crime statute for sexual orientation | 58.52 |
| Same-sex marriage/domestic partnership/civil union/reciprocalbenefits relationship | 14.08 |
| Same-sex adoption legal | 19.91 |
| Abortion policy (%) | |
| Limited public funding for abortion | 69.90 |
| No abortion provider | 40.56 |
| Informed consent | |
| None | 36.02 |
| Informed consent but no mandatory waiting period | 18.35 |
| Informed consent and mandatory waiting period | 45.63 |
| Parental consent | |
| None | 18.84 |
| Not enforced | 17.27 |
| Enforced | 63.89 |
| Birth Outcome | |
| Preterm birth (%) | 11.95 |
| Low birth weight (%) | 7.23 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.31 (0.01) |
| Additional Covariates | |
| Maternal age (years) | 26.20 (0.20) |
| Sexual identity (closest) (%) | |
| 100% heterosexual | 82.86 |
| Mostly heterosexual | 14.09 |
| Mostly or 100% gay/bisexual | 2.53 |
| Not reported | 0.51 |
| Education (prior to birth) (%) | |
| Less than high school | 13.25 |
| High school (or equivalent) | 47.18 |
| Some college | 16.10 |
| Bachelor's degree or more | 23.47 |
| Relationship status (%) | |
| Married | 54.85 |
| Cohabiting | 22.76 |
| Dating | 16.27 |
| Just friends/stranger | 6.03 |
| Unknown | 0.09 |
| Race and ethnicity (%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 68.14 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 17.21 |
| Latina | 10.94 |
| Other | 3.71 |
| Poverty (%) | |
| First quintile | 28.57 |
| Second quintile | 21.51 |
| Third quintile | 23.82 |
| Fourth quintile | 26.10 |
| Region (%) | |
| 1 | 14.70 |
| 2 | 34.66 |
| 3 | 40.44 |
| 4 | 10.20 |
Notes: Analytic sample N = 11,414. Figures are means, ratios, or percentages, and standard errors are shown in parentheses.
Source: National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.