Table 3

Kin availability by group among currently married women in linked data set, 1900 census

MeasurePercentage Coresident MotherPercentage Coresident FatherPercentage Coresident Mother-in-LawPercentage Coresident Father-in-LawPercentage Nearby Potential Mother-in-LawAdult Kin Density in Enumeration District (per 1,000)
Overall Average 3.96 2.27 4.35 2.90 8.42 0.336 
Age-group       
 15–19 5.27 3.66 6.94 5.30 15.73 0.500 
 20–24 3.99 2.58 5.19 3.70 11.60 0.395 
 25–29 3.82 2.19 4.23 2.80 8.26 0.329 
 30–34 3.96 2.03 3.69 2.25 5.81 0.290 
Residence Type and Population       
 Rural, <2,500 3.10 1.91 4.73 3.29 11.35 0.466 
 Urban, 2,500–9,999 4.86 2.62 3.66 2.26 4.23 0.129 
 Urban, 10,000–99,999 5.55 2.97 3.89 2.35 3.34 0.111 
 Urban, 100,000–499,999 5.88 3.05 3.62 2.04 2.80 0.081 
 Urban, ≥500,000 5.71 3.00 3.39 2.01 1.98 0.073 
Race and Nativity       
 Black 3.43 1.33 4.08 1.59 11.05 0.392 
 White, native-born of native-born parents 3.97 2.30 4.73 3.03 10.33 0.416 
 White, foreign-born 3.08 1.62 3.05 2.15 3.60 0.162 
 White, second generation (native-born of foreign parent(s)) 4.61 2.70 4.15 3.06 6.09 0.217 
Enumerated With a Paid Labor Force Occupation 5.87 3.12 5.23 2.87 9.19 0.363 
Not Enumerated With a Paid Labor Force Occupation 3.91 2.25 4.33 2.90 8.40 0.336 
Spouse's Occupation Group       
 Professional 6.13 3.20 4.80 2.73 3.56 0.148 
 Farmer 2.43 1.33 4.99 3.21 13.76 0.557 
 Manager/official/proprietor 5.16 2.68 3.97 2.37 4.60 0.199 
 Clerical/sales 7.19 3.91 4.89 2.90 3.83 0.132 
 Craftsman 4.49 2.53 3.36 2.19 4.50 0.164 
 Operative/apprentice 4.09 2.44 3.04 2.08 4.93 0.190 
 Service worker 5.16 2.67 3.61 2.09 3.11 0.126 
 Farm laborer 4.53 3.78 8.18 7.63 11.92 0.454 
 Laborer 4.53 2.59 3.38 2.15 5.50 0.224 
 Nonoccupational response 4.54 2.84 5.26 3.80 8.69 0.355 
Migration Status (native-born population)       
 Residence in state of birth 4.03 2.34 4.43 2.92 9.02 0.364 
 Interstate migrant 3.66 1.99 4.04 2.78 5.90 0.219 
 Spouse resident in state of birth 3.92 2.25 4.56 3.02 9.38 0.379 
 Spouse interstate migrant 4.09 2.33 3.59 2.43 4.87 0.178 
MeasurePercentage Coresident MotherPercentage Coresident FatherPercentage Coresident Mother-in-LawPercentage Coresident Father-in-LawPercentage Nearby Potential Mother-in-LawAdult Kin Density in Enumeration District (per 1,000)
Overall Average 3.96 2.27 4.35 2.90 8.42 0.336 
Age-group       
 15–19 5.27 3.66 6.94 5.30 15.73 0.500 
 20–24 3.99 2.58 5.19 3.70 11.60 0.395 
 25–29 3.82 2.19 4.23 2.80 8.26 0.329 
 30–34 3.96 2.03 3.69 2.25 5.81 0.290 
Residence Type and Population       
 Rural, <2,500 3.10 1.91 4.73 3.29 11.35 0.466 
 Urban, 2,500–9,999 4.86 2.62 3.66 2.26 4.23 0.129 
 Urban, 10,000–99,999 5.55 2.97 3.89 2.35 3.34 0.111 
 Urban, 100,000–499,999 5.88 3.05 3.62 2.04 2.80 0.081 
 Urban, ≥500,000 5.71 3.00 3.39 2.01 1.98 0.073 
Race and Nativity       
 Black 3.43 1.33 4.08 1.59 11.05 0.392 
 White, native-born of native-born parents 3.97 2.30 4.73 3.03 10.33 0.416 
 White, foreign-born 3.08 1.62 3.05 2.15 3.60 0.162 
 White, second generation (native-born of foreign parent(s)) 4.61 2.70 4.15 3.06 6.09 0.217 
Enumerated With a Paid Labor Force Occupation 5.87 3.12 5.23 2.87 9.19 0.363 
Not Enumerated With a Paid Labor Force Occupation 3.91 2.25 4.33 2.90 8.40 0.336 
Spouse's Occupation Group       
 Professional 6.13 3.20 4.80 2.73 3.56 0.148 
 Farmer 2.43 1.33 4.99 3.21 13.76 0.557 
 Manager/official/proprietor 5.16 2.68 3.97 2.37 4.60 0.199 
 Clerical/sales 7.19 3.91 4.89 2.90 3.83 0.132 
 Craftsman 4.49 2.53 3.36 2.19 4.50 0.164 
 Operative/apprentice 4.09 2.44 3.04 2.08 4.93 0.190 
 Service worker 5.16 2.67 3.61 2.09 3.11 0.126 
 Farm laborer 4.53 3.78 8.18 7.63 11.92 0.454 
 Laborer 4.53 2.59 3.38 2.15 5.50 0.224 
 Nonoccupational response 4.54 2.84 5.26 3.80 8.69 0.355 
Migration Status (native-born population)       
 Residence in state of birth 4.03 2.34 4.43 2.92 9.02 0.364 
 Interstate migrant 3.66 1.99 4.04 2.78 5.90 0.219 
 Spouse resident in state of birth 3.92 2.25 4.56 3.02 9.38 0.379 
 Spouse interstate migrant 4.09 2.33 3.59 2.43 4.87 0.178 

Source: Ruggles et al. (2020).

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