Multinomial model of living arrangements, three subgroups
| . | Married . | Cohabiting, Father . | Cohabiting, Nonfather . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coeff. . | SE . | Coeff. . | SE . | Coeff. . | SE . | |
| Education Less Than High School (N = 338) | ||||||
| Experimental group | 0.060 | 0.486 | –0.168 | 0.410 | –0.772† | 0.456 |
| Child support history in year prior entering W-2 | ||||||
| $1,000 or more paid on behalf of family | 0.021 | 0.825 | –1.034 | 0.685 | 0.325 | 0.615 |
| Age >30 years | –1.622† | 0.953 | –0.887 | 0.702 | –0.522 | 0.503 |
| African American | –0.961† | 0.579 | –0.660 | 0.537 | –0.996 | 0.512 |
| Region (vs. Milwaukee) | ||||||
| Other urban county | 0.146 | 0.742 | 0.468 | 0.579 | –1.247 | 0.931 |
| Rural county | 0.211 | 0.999 | 0.826 | 0.748 | 0.437 | 0.860 |
| Age of youngest (vs. <3 years) | ||||||
| Age 3–5 years | 1.220* | 0.509 | 0.540 | 0.533 | 0.521 | 0.592 |
| Age 6 or more years | 0.459 | 0.823 | –2.670* | 1.079 | 0.990† | 0.542 |
| Intercept | –1.665** | 0.594 | –1.293** | 0.502 | –1.327** | 0.510 |
| Log-likelihood | –289.7 | |||||
| No AFDC Receipt In Prior Two Years (N = 150) | ||||||
| Experimental group | –0.941 | 0.574 | 0.580 | 0.676 | –2.296* | 0.931 |
| Child support history in year prior entering W-2 | ||||||
| $1,000 or more paid on behalf of family | –0.391 | 0.889 | –0.101 | 0.984 | –17.669** | 0.978 |
| Age >30 years | –0.283 | 1.075 | –16.356** | 0.756 | 0.784 | 0.833 |
| African American | –1.020 | 0.744 | 0.085 | 0.979 | –1.833 | 1.281 |
| Education (vs. less than high school) | ||||||
| High school | 0.939 | 0.593 | –1.411 | 0.967 | 0.152 | 0.761 |
| More than high school | –0.223 | 0.874 | –1.167 | 1.410 | –0.694 | 0.841 |
| Region (vs. Milwaukee) | ||||||
| Other urban county | –0.032 | 0.718 | –0.277 | 0.975 | 0.043 | 1.150 |
| Rural county | 1.113 | 0.794 | 0.972 | 1.157 | –0.281 | 1.229 |
| Age of youngest (vs. < 3 years) | ||||||
| Age 3–5 years | –17.423** | 0.853 | –17.278** | 0.848 | 2.691* | 1.125 |
| Age 6 or More | –0.480 | 1.131 | –14.361** | 1.492 | –0.055 | 1.066 |
| Intercept | –1.054 | 0.910 | –1.149 | 1.133 | –0.393 | 1.272 |
| Log-likelihood | –75.3 | |||||
| Mothers With Youngest Child Age 5 or Younger at Entry (N = 516) | ||||||
| Experimental group | –0.178 | 0.330 | –0.085 | 0.346 | –0.950* | 0.381 |
| Child support history in year prior entering W-2 | ||||||
| $1,000 or more paid on behalf of family | –0.297 | 0.563 | –0.880 | 0.542 | –0.220 | 0.536 |
| Age >30 years | –0.282 | 0.507 | –0.950 | 0.637 | –1.170* | 0.595 |
| African American | –1.363** | 0.373 | –0.983* | 0.446 | –0.834† | 0.449 |
| Education (vs. less than high school) | ||||||
| High school | 0.180 | 0.345 | –1.219** | 0.434 | –0.166 | 0.410 |
| More than high school | 0.560 | 0.528 | –0.587 | 0.689 | 1.277** | 0.467 |
| Region (vs. Milwaukee) | ||||||
| Other urban county | –0.081 | 0.436 | 0.213 | 0.511 | –0.017 | 0.510 |
| Rural county | 0.453 | 0.517 | 0.718 | 0.616 | 1.017† | 0.597 |
| Intercept | –0.986* | 0.395 | –0.904* | 0.444 | –1.217** | 0.467 |
| Log-likelihood | –436.5 | |||||
| . | Married . | Cohabiting, Father . | Cohabiting, Nonfather . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coeff. . | SE . | Coeff. . | SE . | Coeff. . | SE . | |
| Education Less Than High School (N = 338) | ||||||
| Experimental group | 0.060 | 0.486 | –0.168 | 0.410 | –0.772† | 0.456 |
| Child support history in year prior entering W-2 | ||||||
| $1,000 or more paid on behalf of family | 0.021 | 0.825 | –1.034 | 0.685 | 0.325 | 0.615 |
| Age >30 years | –1.622† | 0.953 | –0.887 | 0.702 | –0.522 | 0.503 |
| African American | –0.961† | 0.579 | –0.660 | 0.537 | –0.996 | 0.512 |
| Region (vs. Milwaukee) | ||||||
| Other urban county | 0.146 | 0.742 | 0.468 | 0.579 | –1.247 | 0.931 |
| Rural county | 0.211 | 0.999 | 0.826 | 0.748 | 0.437 | 0.860 |
| Age of youngest (vs. <3 years) | ||||||
| Age 3–5 years | 1.220* | 0.509 | 0.540 | 0.533 | 0.521 | 0.592 |
| Age 6 or more years | 0.459 | 0.823 | –2.670* | 1.079 | 0.990† | 0.542 |
| Intercept | –1.665** | 0.594 | –1.293** | 0.502 | –1.327** | 0.510 |
| Log-likelihood | –289.7 | |||||
| No AFDC Receipt In Prior Two Years (N = 150) | ||||||
| Experimental group | –0.941 | 0.574 | 0.580 | 0.676 | –2.296* | 0.931 |
| Child support history in year prior entering W-2 | ||||||
| $1,000 or more paid on behalf of family | –0.391 | 0.889 | –0.101 | 0.984 | –17.669** | 0.978 |
| Age >30 years | –0.283 | 1.075 | –16.356** | 0.756 | 0.784 | 0.833 |
| African American | –1.020 | 0.744 | 0.085 | 0.979 | –1.833 | 1.281 |
| Education (vs. less than high school) | ||||||
| High school | 0.939 | 0.593 | –1.411 | 0.967 | 0.152 | 0.761 |
| More than high school | –0.223 | 0.874 | –1.167 | 1.410 | –0.694 | 0.841 |
| Region (vs. Milwaukee) | ||||||
| Other urban county | –0.032 | 0.718 | –0.277 | 0.975 | 0.043 | 1.150 |
| Rural county | 1.113 | 0.794 | 0.972 | 1.157 | –0.281 | 1.229 |
| Age of youngest (vs. < 3 years) | ||||||
| Age 3–5 years | –17.423** | 0.853 | –17.278** | 0.848 | 2.691* | 1.125 |
| Age 6 or More | –0.480 | 1.131 | –14.361** | 1.492 | –0.055 | 1.066 |
| Intercept | –1.054 | 0.910 | –1.149 | 1.133 | –0.393 | 1.272 |
| Log-likelihood | –75.3 | |||||
| Mothers With Youngest Child Age 5 or Younger at Entry (N = 516) | ||||||
| Experimental group | –0.178 | 0.330 | –0.085 | 0.346 | –0.950* | 0.381 |
| Child support history in year prior entering W-2 | ||||||
| $1,000 or more paid on behalf of family | –0.297 | 0.563 | –0.880 | 0.542 | –0.220 | 0.536 |
| Age >30 years | –0.282 | 0.507 | –0.950 | 0.637 | –1.170* | 0.595 |
| African American | –1.363** | 0.373 | –0.983* | 0.446 | –0.834† | 0.449 |
| Education (vs. less than high school) | ||||||
| High school | 0.180 | 0.345 | –1.219** | 0.434 | –0.166 | 0.410 |
| More than high school | 0.560 | 0.528 | –0.587 | 0.689 | 1.277** | 0.467 |
| Region (vs. Milwaukee) | ||||||
| Other urban county | –0.081 | 0.436 | 0.213 | 0.511 | –0.017 | 0.510 |
| Rural county | 0.453 | 0.517 | 0.718 | 0.616 | 1.017† | 0.597 |
| Intercept | –0.986* | 0.395 | –0.904* | 0.444 | –1.217** | 0.467 |
| Log-likelihood | –436.5 | |||||
Notes: Models also control for period entering W-2, a proxy for long-term receipt; there are no statistically significant estimates. A Hausman-McFadden test suggests the independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) assumption has not been violated.
†p < .10; *p < .05; **p < .01