...Phillip Barrish Conscience and Purpose: Fiction and Social Consciousness in Howells, Jewett, Chesnutt, and Cather , by Petrie Paul R. , Tuscaloosa : University o f Alabama Press , 2005 . 256 pages. Copyright © Hofstra University 2006 m Reviews Literary Realism and Social...

... wish to take biracial experience seriously in its own right is signaled by his decision to frame the story as an autobiography. William L. Andrews (1990 : xvi) has attributed this maneuver to Johnson’s marketing savvy: contrasting the lukewarm success of other Black novelists (Chesnutt, Du Bois...

... and antiracism. 8 Chesnutt defined The Marrow of Tradition , for example, as a “novel and a political and sociological tract” (quoted in Knadler 1996 : 429); in “How Bigger Was Born,” Wright famously suggests that Native Son is an alternative science of African American life (“HBWB” 447–48); in 1966...

... of José Martí provide the Latinx literature movement with comparative circulation. Fernandez compellingly shows how late nineteenth-century figures Charles Chesnutt and María Amparo Ruiz de Burton face similar challenges in addressing a white audience in order to publish in mainstream outlets...