... between theories with a teleological structure and those without. Reason-based representations also shed light on an important but underappreciated phenomenon: the “underdetermination of moral theory by deontic content.” where w is some real number. Call such properties expected-welfare properties...

... anyone working on philosophical methodology, the metaphysics of science, or metaontology. In what follows, I review Chakravartty's principal claims and conclusions (sec. 1), and then raise some concerns about his master argument for the underdetermination of ontology by science (sec. 2), before...

... relation. I may be right about Coco's intentions but wrong about her reasons (maybe she just likes the thrill of stealing), or right about her reasons but wrong about her intentions (maybe she's planning to ask me for a cookie politely). Theoretical underdetermination like this is simply ubiquitous...

... underdetermine what counts as the relevant group. This requires that we rethink the discourse effects of epistemic modal claims as well as the pragmatics of assertion and assessment. On von Fintel and Gillies's view, utterances that are contextually underspecified “put into play” the propositions corresponding...

... theories succeed empirically, and true theories fail, breaking the realist connection between success and truth? Psillos also provides robust realist responses to the following challenges: the argument from the underdetermination of theories by evidence (chapter 8), Fine s deflationary anti-epistemology of...

... proper role in deliberation (Raz, 57–58). Because principles by their very nature underdetermine right action, any view in normative ethics can accept that identifying the applicability and the requirement of principles in a particular case isn’t mechanical but requires some responsiveness to par...

... E are not jointly satisfiable. So given E , either T or H needs to be given up, and it is not clear which—a classical Duhem-Quine case of underdetermination of theories by evidence, or so it seems. That is where the Bayesian story begins: Dorling (1979) argues that this...

... virtue of the pro- cedural fairness of the way in which they’re selected. Policies selected by voting are legitimate in virtue of the fact that voting treats any two voters alike. Because many nonvoting procedures also treat persons alike, this kind of fairness radically underdetermines the...

... treats any two voters alike. Because many nonvoting procedures also treat persons alike, this kind of fairness radically underdetermines the choice of a procedure. Dice, for exam- ple, are also impartial. If voting is better than dice, this is thanks to some feature of voting beyond its...

... virtue of the pro- cedural fairness of the way in which they’re selected. Policies selected by voting are legitimate in virtue of the fact that voting treats any two voters alike. Because many nonvoting procedures also treat persons alike, this kind of fairness radically underdetermines the...

... treats any two voters alike. Because many nonvoting procedures also treat persons alike, this kind of fairness radically underdetermines the choice of a procedure. Dice, for exam- ple, are also impartial. If voting is better than dice, this is thanks to some feature of voting beyond its...

... virtue of the pro- cedural fairness of the way in which they’re selected. Policies selected by voting are legitimate in virtue of the fact that voting treats any two voters alike. Because many nonvoting procedures also treat persons alike, this kind of fairness radically underdetermines the...

... that Elizabeth the First was crowned on a Tuesday would support our belief in the conjunction by leaving less underdetermined, Goodman does not want such support to count as confirmation; otherwise, we end up with the result that the historian’s report confirms “8497 is prime” since that sentence is...

.... Body a’s trajectory is R(t). What are the bodies’ velocities at t=0? Tooley (1988, 246–47) and Carroll (2002, 59–60) suggest that the answer is underdetermined by the bodies’ trajectories, contrary both to Russell’s reductive view and to the derivative-from-below pro- posal. In other words, they...

... is immune to empirical revision, (iv) translation is indeterminate, (v) all knowledge can be expressed in a first-order language, (vi) there is no objective basis for modal distinctions, (vii) there is no ground for positing properties or propositions, and (viii) theory is underdetermined by...

..., (vii) there is no ground for positing properties or propositions, and (viii) theory is underdetermined by evidence—even by the totality of all possible evidence. Hylton has interesting things to say about most of these views, but his decision to see them all as branches on the tree of naturalism...