... depends upon another event, c, just in case e  would not have occurred had c  not occurred. Beginning with the seminal paper of David Lewis in 1973, there has been a lively philosophi- cal tradition of trying to analyze token causation in terms of counterfac- tual dependence. The simplest possible...

... structural equations token causation actual causation counterfactuals References Andreas, Holger, and Mario Günther. 2018. “A Ramsey Test Analysis of Causation for Causal Models.” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. Published ahead of print, December 10. doi.org/10.1093/bjps/axy074...

... subject matter. Pearl’s concept of actual causation comes closest to the notion of “token causation” that most philosophers take to be central. It is telling that this concept appears only in Pearl’s final chapter; the concept is not needed for Pearl’s treatment of rational deliberation...

..., Hitchcock 2001 provides a detailed account of the notion that I am here calling component effect from a broadly counterfactual perspective. In that paper, I identify token causation with what I am here calling component effect. This was done primarily for expository reasons-in all of the cases...

... or exclude y ’s causal relevance on that occasion. In fact, in the case of identity, x ’s relevance guarantees y ’s relevance. Perhaps there 4. The relation of causal responsibility or causal relevance is a relation between types analogous to causation, which is a relation between tokens. I...

...: Oxford University Press, 2000. Pp.viii, 274. The following assumptions are necessary to get the contemporary problem of mental causation off the ground: (1) Non-Identity of the Mental and the Physical (2) Causal Closure of the Physical (3) Causal Exclusion (4) Causal Relevance...

...Sara Bernstein Reference Tognazzini Neal A. 2016 . Review of Causation and Free Will, by Carolina Sartorio. Journal of Philosophy 113 : 417 – 22 . 1. Tognazinni (2016) expresses a similar concern in his review of the book. Sartorio Carolina , Causation...

... that there is reason beyond mere love of parsimony to think that a realistic account of emergence cannot be sustained. Indeed, she frames her constructive exploration of theories of weak and strong emergence as responses to the ‘overdetermination’ problem of higher-level causation, pressed by Jaegwon Kim in many...

.... With the possible exception of causation, disposition concepts are as prevalent in ordinary thought as any of the nomic concepts. Progress on their nature has been hard to come by. No doubt the difficulty of saying anything illuminating and suitably general about their nature is a function...

...Tracy Isaacs David-Hillel Ruben, Action and Its Explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Pp. x, 240. Cornell University 2005 BOOK REVIEWS functional in nature, and an argument that tokens of such property types could be physically realized...

...David Robb Douglas Ehring, Causation and Persistence: A Theory of Causation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp. x, 191. Cornell University 2003 BOOK REVIEWS animalist has nothing to say about the second issue but offers a theory of the first...

... thesis for several reasons. First, it constitutes the most thorough exposition and defense of the notion of realization that I am aware of in the lit- erature. Second, it is unabashedly a posteriori in nature, claiming among other things that while every psychological token \ is realized by some...

...- tion waned. Kim’s 1989 APA Central Division Presidential Address was titled “The Myth of Nonreductive Materialism.” In the intervening years, Kim has continued to elaborate on the theme that mental causation, and indeed causa- tion involving supervenient items generally—biological causation...

...- tion waned. Kim’s 1989 APA Central Division Presidential Address was titled “The Myth of Nonreductive Materialism.” In the intervening years, Kim has continued to elaborate on the theme that mental causation, and indeed causa- tion involving supervenient items generally—biological causation...

...- tion waned. Kim’s 1989 APA Central Division Presidential Address was titled “The Myth of Nonreductive Materialism.” In the intervening years, Kim has continued to elaborate on the theme that mental causation, and indeed causa- tion involving supervenient items generally—biological causation...

...- tion waned. Kim’s 1989 APA Central Division Presidential Address was titled “The Myth of Nonreductive Materialism.” In the intervening years, Kim has continued to elaborate on the theme that mental causation, and indeed causa- tion involving supervenient items generally—biological causation...

... has continued to elaborate on the theme that mental causation, and indeed causa- tion involving supervenient items generally—biological causation, geological causation, meteorological causation—requires reduction. To the extent that what supervenes is genuinely distinct from its physical...

... has continued to elaborate on the theme that mental causation, and indeed causa- tion involving supervenient items generally—biological causation, geological causation, meteorological causation—requires reduction. To the extent that what supervenes is genuinely distinct from its physical...

... of supervenience began to unfold in Kim’s writings, however, the initial attrac- tion waned. Kim’s 1989 APA Central Division Presidential Address was titled “The Myth of Nonreductive Materialism.” In the intervening years, Kim has continued to elaborate on the theme that mental causation, and indeed causa...

...Jonathan Schaffer Cornell University 2005 Achinstein, Peter. 1975 . Causation, Transparency, and Emphasis. Canadian Journal of Philosophy 5 : 1 -23. Anscombe, G. E. M. 1969 . Causality and Extensionality. Journal of Philosophy 66 : 152 -59. Armstrong, David. 1999...