Search Results for moral theories

...Franz Dietrich; Christian List This essay presents a new “reason-based” approach to the formal representation of moral theories, drawing on recent decision-theoretic work. It shows that any moral theory within a very large class can be represented in terms of two parameters: (i) a specification...

...Simo Knuuttila AQUINAS'S MORAL THEORY: ESSAYS IN HONOR OF NORMAN KRETZMANN. Scott MacDonald and Eleonore Stump, Eds. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. Pp. xiii, 291. Cornell University 2001 BOOK REVIEWS tary that is much more lively and of broader...

...Lisa Shapiro DESCARTES'S MORAL THEORY. By John Marshall. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. Pp. x, 177. Cornell University 2001 BOOK REVIEWS The Philosophical hzm, Vol. 110, No. 2 (April 2001) DESCARTES’S MORAL THEORY By JOHN MARSHALL...

...John Mikhail Nichols Shaun , Rational Rules: Towards a Theory of Moral Learning . Oxford : Oxford University Press , 2021 . xv + 248 pp. © 2022 by Cornell University 2022 Shaun Nichols’s new book, Rational Rules , is the most creative and interesting response to moral...

...Thaddeus Metz MORAL DEMANDS IN NONIDEAL THEORY. By Liam B. Murphy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii, 168. Cornell University 2001 BOOK REVIEWS whereas a majority vote is simply a way of deciding, and so not contrary to mutual respect...

...Paul E. Sigmund AQUINAS: MORAL, POLITICAL, AND LEGAL THEORY. By John Finnis. NewYork: Oxford University Press, 1998. Pp. xxi, 385. Cornell University 2001 Finnis, John. 1980 . Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Clarendon Press. ____. 1983...

...David Sussman KANT'S THEORY OF MORAL MOTIVATION By Daniel Guevara. Boulder: Westview Press, 2000. Pp. 158, 300. Cornell University 2002 BOOK REVIEWS detailing the argument, the structure, and the development of the first Critique as well as the changes...

...Alison McIntyre RESPONSIBILITY AND CONTROL: A THEORY OF MORAL RESPONSIBILITY. By John Martin Fischer and Mark Ravizza, S. J. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. viii, 277. Cornell University 2000 BOOK REKEWS The Philosophical Review...

... that there are two distinct normative senses of 'ought', which actually exhibit different syntactic behavior, and then going on to argue that the deliberative sense of 'ought' relates agents to actions, rather than to propositions. It closes by drawing lessons for a range of issues in moral theory. © 2011...

...Caspar Hare Some moral theories (for example, standard, “ex post” forms of egalitarianism, prioritarianism, and constraint-based deontology) tell you, in some situations in which you are interacting with a group of people, to avoid acting in the way that is expectedly best for everybody. This essay...

... of the “Triple Theory,” which allies Rule Consequentialism with Kantian and Scanlonian Contractualism against Act Consequentialism as a theory of moral right. This critical notice argues that what underlies this change is a view of the deontic concept of moral rightness that ties it closely to blameworthiness...

... and moral constraints on what you can prefer conditional on evaluative theories —theories that ascribe values or reasons. 3 These constraints require that your preferences conditional on evaluative theories be adequately responsive to the values or reasons these theories ascribe. In section 4, we argue...

... for acting, normative and moti- vating, are always noninstrumental—our reasons cannot be instrumental all the way down.54 It is very plausible that, on the correct normative moral theory, the fact that one of the people drowning is his wife will provide the man in our example...

... is merely ordinally measurable ( Okasha   2011 : 103). Or take overall choiceworthiness in the context of normative uncertainty. Some first-order moral theories (e.g., some deontological theories) seem only to deliver ordinal rankings of options, while others represent the value of options on an interval...

...Neil Sinhababu This essay defends a strong version of the Humean theory of motivation on which desire is necessary both for motivation and for reasoning that changes our desires. Those who hold that moral judgments are beliefs with intrinsic motivational force need to oppose this view, and many...

..., and elsewhere makes claims that deeply conflict with this approach. 160 Utilitarianism without Consequentialism of more orthodox forms of the theory which allow moral considerations to occupy the entire evaluative domain rather than only one among three...

... of their motivation. Moreover, these prior facts about motives are funda- mental—not to be explained in terms of anything else. In the terminology of Slote’s book, his moral theory is not only agent-prior but agent-based (6). Slote’s arguments for this view are somewhat indirect. He protests that com- monsense...

... of contractualism, applied by Myers to moral theory, is also found inade- quate, despite its secure accommodation of beneficence, on the ground that its implications are indeterminate, leaving it unclear, in particular, whether restrictions will be part of the agreement. Given the vagueness of the idea of fair...

...David Shoemaker This essay attempts to provide and defend what may be the first actual argument in support of P. F. Strawson's merely stated vision of a response-dependent theory of moral responsibility. It does so by way of an extended analogy with the funny. In part 1, it makes the easier...

... a Kantian Might Think About Terrorism. In Dignity and Practical Reason in Kant's Moral Theory , 196 -225. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Kant, Immanuel. 1781/1787/ 1998 . Critique of Pure Reason . Trans. Paul Guyer and Allen Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ____. 1785 /1981...