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Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2018) 127 (4): 541–545.
Published: 01 October 2018
...Bryce Huebner Bicchieri Cristina , Norms in the Wild: How to Diagnose, Measure, and Change Social Norms . New York: Oxford University Press , 2017 . 239 pp . © 2018 by Cornell University 2018 The individuals who constitute a society often develop overlapping networks of values...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2000) 109 (1): 112–115.
Published: 01 January 2000
...Harold Kincaid MEASURING THE INTENTIONAL WORLD: REALISM, NATURALISM, AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCLENCES. By J. D. Trout. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Pp. 287. Cornell University 2000 Cohen, Jacob. 1994 . “The Earth is Round (p < .05).” American...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2024) 133 (3): 265–308.
Published: 01 July 2024
... be measurable on different types of scales—for example, some ordinal and some cardinal. An underappreciated impossibility theorem due to Anna Khmelnitskaya shows that seemingly plausible constraints on aggregation across scale types are inconsistent. This impossibility threatens to render the notion of overall...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2018) 127 (3): 371–398.
Published: 01 July 2018
...Jan Sprenger This article develops axiomatic foundations for a probabilistic theory of causal strength as difference-making. I proceed in three steps: First, I motivate the choice of causal Bayes nets as an adequate framework for defining and comparing measures of causal strength. Second, I prove...
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Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2011) 120 (2): 207–245.
Published: 01 April 2011
... of disagreement, there are two main competing rules offered for belief-revision in the face of peer disagreement: maintaining your existing opinion, or meeting halfway. This article investigates the comparative reliability of these two rules using two measures of reliability for degrees of belief, calibration...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2012) 121 (2): 241–275.
Published: 01 April 2012
... vindications of David Lewis’s original Principal Principle as well as recent reformulations due to Ned Hall and Jenann Ismael. Joyce enumerates properties that a function must have if it is to measure the distance from a set of credences to a set of truth values; he shows that, on any such measure, and for any...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2023) 132 (1): 43–87.
Published: 01 January 2023
..., a rational agent will obey this principle if and only if she expects chance to be at least as accurate as she is on every good way of measuring accuracy. Much of the discussion, and the technical results, extend beyond chance to deference to any kind of expert. Indeed, you will trust someone about...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2023) 132 (1): 89–145.
Published: 01 January 2023
..., knowledge about parameters measured using imperfect instruments, the connection between knowledge, belief, and probability, and the dynamics of knowledge and belief in response to new evidence. [email protected] [email protected] © 2023 by Cornell University 2023 knowledge...
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Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2014) 123 (3): 281–338.
Published: 01 July 2014
..., it is unclear whether there is any pretheoretically intelligible measure on the set of all metaphysically possible worlds. Fortunately, the argument requires nothing so general. To generate a puzzle about ordinary counterfactual speech reports, we may not need to look beyond the sphere of nomologically possible...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2014) 123 (3): 342–354.
Published: 01 July 2014
... to be measurable magnitudes. And Kant needs to give this foundation for Newton's physics without relying either on the mechanism of Descartes and his followers or on Newton's absolute space and time. Second, Friedman argues that “the general dynamical theory of matter on which Kant builds a foundation for Newton's...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2022) 131 (4): 503–506.
Published: 01 October 2022
..., whereas linen is measured according to its length, a continuous quantity. These disparate quantities can be combined in an account of purchasing, one that allows comparisons of rate across different purchases. How? By comparing a ratio of linen-lengths, on the one hand, with a ratio of numbers of drachmae...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2014) 123 (2): 131–171.
Published: 01 April 2014
... take to be defined for all subsets of W ; in probabilistic terms, W is the sample space for P . Indeed, P2 assumes that P is a probability measure, and accordingly it states that: P2 For all propositions A , B ⊆ W : P ( W ) = 1...
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Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2024) 133 (3): 309–315.
Published: 01 July 2024
... consciousness and quantum mechanics? If you are coming from physics, your point of entry is probably the measurement problem. When you let quantum systems evolve according to the Schrödinger equation, they enter into superpositions of mutually incompatible states. How can this be reconciled with the testimony...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2023) 132 (3): 491–494.
Published: 01 July 2023
... to the notion of a “measure.” Measures, Kelsey argues, are not just like but also “conceptually prior to the objects known by them” (85). Purple, for instance, lies on a spectrum characterized by a “mean” or “middle”; moreover, it is “in the nature of” purple to lie “on one side or the other” of that middle...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2020) 129 (2): 302–308.
Published: 01 April 2020
... anything in nature. However, magnitude claims are not contained or entailed by quantum theory. They are given prior to the theory. Let us walk through a simple example. Suppose our physicist Alice sets up an experiment for the position measurement of a particle s . Alice wants to explain some magnitude...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2005) 114 (2): 253–271.
Published: 01 April 2005
...
are libertarians and public choice theorists, who deny that measures of
freedom should be sensitive to the consequences of exercising it. With
respect to opportunity freedom, his main opponents are those who try
to measure freedom in ways that are insensitive to individual prefer-
ences, or that reduce...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2021) 130 (2): 263–298.
Published: 01 May 2021
... and the challenges in measuring mental qualities. 7 However, in both disciplines, research that directly addresses the modeling of mental qualities tends to focus on similarity structure, leaving out precision structure. This lacuna may be partly due to the common assumption that models of mental qualities...
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Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2012) 121 (4): 539–571.
Published: 01 October 2012
... of substance depends on this assumption). The power set of
W, that is, the set of all subsets of W, is denoted by V, and the power set of
any subset A of W, by VA. By convention, when p is a probability mass
function on W, then P will be the corresponding probability function
on V, such that the measure...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2024) 133 (1): 77–81.
Published: 01 January 2024
..., and the philosophy of punishment. A more promising case of measured aggression comes in the form of an anecdote of a confrontation between Teddy Roosevelt and some bullies that is settled by the bullies getting whupped and Roosevelt subsequently inviting them to a beer. But here, too, that story doesn’t...
Journal Article
The Philosophical Review (2022) 131 (1): 1–49.
Published: 01 January 2022
... applies to imprecise probabilities that are treated in terms of set-valued measures. After all, a set of probability measures is still too precise to faithfully represent the phenomenon of higher-order vagueness. 5 Even some defenders of the degree-theoretic accounts acknowledge that the numbers used...
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