...Jennifer Lackey This essay raises new objections to the two dominant approaches to understanding the justification of group beliefs— inflationary views, where groups are treated as entities that can float freely from the epistemic status of their members’ beliefs, and deflationary views, where...

... role that “collective groupings beyond the nation state” might play in a globalized world (92, n. 43). Finally, because Bilchitz develops his theory from a consideration of sentient beings, not just human beings, he suggests that the theory would have implications for non- human animals as well...

...Caspar Hare Some moral theories (for example, standard, “ex post” forms of egalitarianism, prioritarianism, and constraint-based deontology) tell you, in some situations in which you are interacting with a group of people, to avoid acting in the way that is expectedly best for everybody. This essay...

... matter of course, conscious of ourselves, but we do not, as a matter of course, know ourselves. A second group of remarks, all of which occur in part 5 of the Ethics , emphasizes a different point about consciousness and knowledge: the knowledge that distinguishes the minds of the most powerful or...

... for group-differentiated cultural rights but defends cultures as providing contexts of choice, and thus does not ultimately permit collective rights that might restrict individual choice ( Kymlicka 1989 , 1995 ). Like others within this movement, Seymour sees a need to recognize rights that are held...

... coordination; they ground shared identities and shared values; and they foster group cohesion. Without such convergence, human societies would be far less stable than they are. And while some of these patterns may be the result of species-typical moral dispositions ( Hamlin 2013 ; Wynn et al. 2017 ), others...

... the group and (ii) grounds out in further facts that are not about members of the group either. Epstein shows very clearly that facts about group intention, group action, and other such features of groups, do not ground out in facts about the individual members that make up said group. How widespread...

... racial group are simply not competent to engage in racial profiling with respect to that group. So the question is whether the individuals who would be doing the profiling are or are not members of the racial group being profiled. However, Boonin correctly holds that it is not a conceptual truth that...

... enslaved for the purpose of providing valuable labor, which provides economic security, sustains valued social practices, and provides (let's imagine) a viable alternative to slaughtering members of the enslaved racial group out of disgust at their way of life. So, Cuneo needs to explain why the burden on...

... overload,” Blum reserves the charge “racist” for the worst moral failings in the area of race. He thinks all forms of racism can be understood in terms of two broad paradigms. Racial inferiorization occurs when one social group is treated as inferior to another on the ground of their biological nature...

... individuals to develop according to their own unique tendencies. It would also provide persons with the stimulation of exposure to new ideas. At the same time, Oberdiek stresses the value of community as con- text for individual choice. He supports group rights that would help to sustain minority...

... expressed by the self-ascription, issued simply so as to give voice to one’s sincere judgment about one’s own state of mind. But how should we understand this last claim? Suppose that Jones’s unconscious fear of members of another ethnic group causes her to be much too easily convinced that...

...- ysis, according to which “the condition of personal identity” is “the condition that gives rise to … a commitment to achieving overall rational unity” (8) among “beliefs, desires and other psychological states and events” (20–21). Rovane claims that this condition can be satisfied both by “group...

... principle it is possible to have points of assessment occupied by individual judges, the official doctrine has always had it that groups of judges occupy points of assessment and that those groups must always include the speaker. Then—so they might say—this argu- ment about uptake only applies to a very...

... determinate outline shapes. Consider a large body of post-impressionist landscape paintings enjoyed by an entire country of people: the Group of Seven paintings that have come to define vast tracks of their landscape for Canadians who see windswept pines and outcroppings of rock as “Group of Seven...

... not work in some cases. We could imagine a social practice, for example, where a group of agents believe that Plato's heaven exists and is full of baby goats (perhaps as part of a broader social practice of believing and reinforcing practically irrelevant happiness-conducive beliefs). Presumably the...

... are individual centers of consciousness as well as individual material bodies” (2) and are, to that extent, individuals? Be that as it may, Graham usefully points out that the following are separate questions: Is there irreducibly collective, or group, agency? Are groups more fundamental then...

... to generate moral demand-rights. What kinds of commitments are relevant to the acquisition of standing to demand? Gilbert thinks that the answer lies with joint commitments . When a group of agents jointly commit to ϕ-ing, each thereby acquires standing to demand compliance from the others...

..., Charles Mills, Shannon Sullivan, Cynthia Willett, George Yancy, and Naomi Zack, to name a few. To this group, Zack has brought thinkers in related fields, such as Lawrence Blum, Aaron Garrett, Yen Le Espiritu, Laurie Shrage, and James Sterba, to produce set of far-reaching essays. Taken together, the...

... predicative-attribu- tive distinction for adjectives—are relevant to the aesthetic concerns. They may be divided into four rough groups. I shall say something about each of them, though my intention is to showcase the last two groups, which deserve to be bet- ter known than they are. (i) The first and...