...Eugene Mills Suppose you and I are “human beings” in the sense of human animals , members of the genus Homo . Given this supposition, this article argues first and foremost that (it's at least very plausible that) we originated not at the moment of our biological conception but either before...

... BOOK REVLEWS The philosophical core of Varner’s position is provided by his defense of biocentric individualism. His central argument looks something like this. 1. Nothing at or below the level of a fish possesses desires. 2. Nevertheless, all living things possess biological needs...

.... “Racialization: A Defense of the Concept.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 42, no. 8: 1245–62. Hochman, Adam. 2020. “Janus-Faced Race: Is Race Biological, Social, or Mythical?” American Journal of Physical Anthropology. doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.24169 . Msimang, Phila. 2019. “Racializing Races: The Racialized...

... claims that persons are biological substances, that they are a “kind of animal” (15). Lowe’s chief objection to animalism can be put in the form of a dilemma: animalism “threatens either to promote what is (to my mind) an ethically dubious anthropomorphic speciesism or else to play havoc...

... and slavish. Any woman has it even worse. Thanks to the cold, thick blood she received from her mother in utero, she ought to spend her life obeying men. And even free Athenian men are often morally hamstrung for biological reasons. Those conceived in the summer by an aging father, for example, should expect...

.... I thank an anonymous reviewer for raising these interesting possibilities. 23. Consider the following worry. We have reasons to expect that p-valences correlate at least pretty well with biological p-values. This is because it is highly likely that p-valences have evolved to lead us...

... in the field, such as the units of selection problem, the nature of species, and the notion of biological function. Some of the essays are already well known and familiar to all students of the subject. Others are less well known, but hopefully their inclu- sion in this collection will facilitate...

... to desires, he has not shown that the portion of the individual’s welfare that is constituted by biological interests is a morally relevant portion. To assume that if welfare is constituted, even in part, by biological interests then moral considerability is also constituted by biolog- ical...

... are also considered in part 7, entitled “Social Construction and Racial Identities,” in which most of the authors begin with a constructivist view of race on the general assumption that the biological view of race has been empirically discredited. While there are, no doubt, various positions within...

... in explanations of the animal’s basic biological needs and activities—eating, mating, navi- gating, fighting, fleeing, parenting.32 Quine’s error can be elicited by reflecting on mechanisms of per- ception. Perceptual mechanisms are successfully explained in terms of their representing types...

... be explained away as the products of a quick and very dirty System One heuristic that is activated principally by biological motion. These intuitions are withdrawn when a reflective, System Two process is given information about the usually rather substantial divergences between the human brain and the brains...

... in this field, namely, pragmatism, Gallagher claims. On this scale of radicalness, Gallagher puts forward a scheme of four general categories of theories, from the least to the most radical ones: weak Embodied Cognition (EC), Functionalist EC, Biological EC, and Enactivist EC. The first two are consistent...

... overload,” Blum reserves the charge “racist” for the worst moral failings in the area of race. He thinks all forms of racism can be understood in terms of two broad paradigms. Racial inferiorization occurs when one social group is treated as inferior to another on the ground of their biological nature...

... to motivate it by reminding us that cognitive closure is the norm in the biological realm. It is generally true that cognitive faculties were designed by nature to enable their possessors to achieve specific ends-ends 301 BOOK REVIEWS...

..., such as the units of selection problem, the nature of species, and the notion of biological function. Some of the essays are already well known and familiar to all students of the subject. Others are less well known, but hopefully their inclu- sion in this collection will facilitate their becoming more widely...

... the dynamics of cultural evolution on which the book focuses and the biological evolutionary background that ‘players’ bring to the table. As O’Connor notes, it’s important to her framework that “type-conditioning comes naturally to humans” (197): her explanations “depend on the psychological tendencies...

... BOOK REVIEWS maintained through the Metaphysics, it gives ground, in the biological works, to a kind of explanatory pluralism. Some necessary features are explained by the formal nature, some simply by the organism’s body (for example). Aristote- lians and philosophers of biology alike will find...

... notion of moral character, but also that it is a conception of systematic importance for his thought, linking the formal moral with the critical, aesthetic, anthropological, and biological aspects of his philosophy” (1).While the book is almost entirely devoted to the latter exegetical aim...

... this answer in vivid detail, articulating a naturalistic account of task functions (chapter 3) and a systematic theory describing how exploited correlations generate content (chapter 4). His framework applies both to biological systems and to artifacts (e.g., robots). Chapter 5 investigates a second...

..., this recogni- tion-response tie can be instilled in us, albeit in different ways, by both our 133 BOOK REVIEWS biological heritage and our cultural upbringing, thus explaining both the cross-cultural commonalities and diversities in both...