...Hongwoo Kwon There are close parallels between Frank Jackson's case of black-and-white Mary and David Lewis's case of the two omniscient gods. This essay develops and defends what may be called “the ability hypothesis” about the knowledge that the gods lack, by adapting Lewis's ability hypothesis...

... knowledge.” Whatever else it takes for an agent's credences to amount to knowledge, their success, or accuracy, must be the product of cognitive ability or skill . The brand of Bayesianism developed here helps ensure this ability condition is satisfied. Cognitive ability, in turn, helps make credences...

... give voice to our most cognitively primitive generalizations and that this hypothesis accounts for a variety of facts ranging from acquisition patterns to cross-linguistic data concerning the phonological articulation of operators. I go on to develop an account of the nature of these cognitively...

...Matthew Mandelkern What does ‘might’ mean? One hypothesis is that ‘It might be raining’ is essentially an avowal of ignorance like ‘For all I know, it's raining’. But it turns out these two constructions embed in different ways—in particular, as parts of larger constructions like Wittgenstein's ‘It...

... commonly thought, just on the presence of an operator ‘actually’. This essay argues that this phenomenon provides evidence that mood admits of bound and free readings along the lines of tenses and pronouns. It therefore favors the hypothesis that natural language contains variables and quantifiers for...

...Matthew Mandelkern; Ginger Schultheis; David Boylan This essay proposes a new theory of agentive modals : ability modals and their duals, compulsion modals. After criticizing existing approaches—the existential quantificational analysis, the universal quantificational analysis, and the conditional...

... prototypes to which a satisfactory account must answer. I argue against these positions and then pursue an account that finds its motivation in their rejection. My main claim is: the power to make promises, and other related forms of commitment, is an integral part of the ability to engage in special...

... like. Is such knowledge to be understood as knowledge of a fact, or rather as a kind of ability? From the claim that the knowledge in the target cases is not immediate, and the fact that these cases are paradigm cases of immediate knowledge of objects' kinds, the essay concludes that perception does...

...Erin I. Kelly Hans Oberdiek, Tolerance: Between Forbearance and Acceptance. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, 2001. Pp. ix, 182. Cornell University 2003 BOOK REVIEWS and “Knowing What it is Like: The Ability Hypothesis and the Knowledge Argu- ment,” by...

.... Part 3, the last section of the collection, contains two papers: “Multiple Ref- erence, Multiple Realization and the Reduction of Mind,” by Terence Horgan, 265 BOOK REVIEWS and “Knowing What it is Like: The Ability Hypothesis and...

... concepts of these facts. By stressing that Mary lacks a range of concepts, Papineau means to contrast his diagnosis with the “ability hypothesis.” The ability hypoth- esis also says that black-and-white Mary can come to know all facts about color vision, but it claims that what she lacks is only...

... endorsed in the sciences. In the next two subsections, I discuss four criteria from classical statistics that characterize different senses in which point estimators, interval estimators, and hypothesis tests might be called reliable . Although there are many different criteria statisticians use to...

... awakenings she will undergo is determined by the outcome of a random process. Let S be a partition of alternative hypotheses concerning the outcome of this pro- cess. Beauty knows the objective chance of each hypothesis in S,andshe also knows how many times she will awaken conditional on each of these...

... concerned with the relationship between evi- dence and hypothesis: what is it for evidence to confirm a hypothesis? A central feature of Bayesian confirmation theory is that evidence con- I have had helpful exchanges with dozens of people on the material in this article over the years. For discussion of...

... Adams’s Thesis is the hypothesis that the probabilities of indicative con- ditionals equal the conditional probabilities of their consequents given their antecedents.1 The hypothesis is strongly supported by both intro- spection and by empirical evidence relating to the use of conditionals in...

... priori entailment, rather than necessitation, is concerned. The relevant claim must hold that the actual world is minimal among the class of epistemic possibilities satisfying P, where an epistemic possibility corresponds intuitively to a maximally specific hypothesis that is not ruled out a priori...

... latter option, because transparency can be explained instead by the hypothesis that the concept of belief includes a standard of correctness. This explanation goes roughly as follows. When one deliberates whether to have an attitude conceived as a belief that p, one deliberates about an attitude...

... qualitative inaccuracy hypothesis . According to this proposition, “our introspective representations fail to represent mental states as they are in themselves. More specifically, introspection represents phenomenal properties as having certain characteristic qualitative natures, and…these properties actually...

... inference from information gained through sense-percep- tion. Our access to Forms is direct when the soul is disembodied and pure. While the account that Socrates offers in the Phaedrus of our ability to gain knowledge of justice is simply a myth, and like many myths, it may well play fast and loose...