... later expanded the term to include South Asian “migrants with attitude.” This article further expands the current framings of migritude by linking it to the historical movement of kala pani , or nineteenth-century Indian indenture. The idea of kala pani migritude reveals an engagement with clandestine...

..., asserting that migrant ontologies are legitimate while troubling questions of what qualifies as appropriate literature within the stringent boundaries of the nation. For example, Brinda J. Mehta s article in this issue explores migritude from the lens of South Asian indenture and kala pani (black water...

... in Oakland, California. She is the author of five books, including Dissident Writings of Arab Women: Voices against Violence (2014), which won the African Literature Association s 2016 Book of the Year Award, and Diasporic (Dis)Locations: Indo-Caribbean Women Writers Negotiate the Kala Pani (2004), which won...