...Charles Scruggs Copyright © 1977 by Duke University Press 1977 George Orwell and Jonathan Swift: A Literary Relationship Charles Scruggs Ever since Animal Farm: A Fairy Story was published in 1945, critics repeatedly have seen the hand of Jonathan Swift in Orwell s satire of totalitarianism...

...Ralph A. Ranald George Orwell and the Mad World: The Anti-Universe of 1984 Ralph A. Ranald I shall save you, Winston, I shall make you perfect. So O Brien, the Grand Inquisitor of 1984, has said to the antihero Winston Smith, in one of the dream sequences which strangely go almost unnoticed...

...Richard J. Voorhees Copyright © 1954 by Duke University Press 1954 GEORGE ORWELL REBELLION AND RESPONSIBILITY Richard J. Voorhees GEORGE ORWELL was perhaps the most paradoxical English writer of his time. He was an intellectual, but he continually damned intellectuals. He was a first-rate...

...Berel Lang Copyright © 1976 by Duke University Press 1976 The Politics and Art of Decency: Orwell s Medium Berel Lang Good prose is like a window pane. George Orwell I There is wisdom as well as foolishness in the moods of fashion, and both qualities have affected the critical estimates...

...Mark W. Gregory Copyright © 1985 by Duke University Press 1985 An Act of Faith : George Orwell s Socialist Thought and 1984 Mark W. Gregory In a 1946 essay entitled Why I Write, George Orwell said that every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly...

...Wayne Warncke Copyright © 1970 by Duke University Press 1970 George Orwell s Dickens Wayne Warncke George Orwell s well-known essay on Dickens ( Charles Dickens, first published in Inside the Whale, 1940), is his earliest full-length critical essay. It is perhaps the best he ever wrote...

... the question of how to see, and to record what one sees, responsibly. Coda: Orwell as Witness An impenetrable mystery seems destined to hang for- ever over this act of madness or despair. —Joseph Conrad, The Secret Agent Thus far, my...

.... . . . When it finally arrives, the long-awaited has a ten­ dency to disappoint. Already printed in our journals are Zamiatin s We, Huxley s Brave New World, Nabokov s Invitation to a Be­ heading, Kafka s The Castle, Orwell s Animal Farm, as well as his 1984, which has entered our cultural vernacular...

... folk of this country live in an enervating atmosphere of free bread and circuses, rehearsing as he does so the satire of Hard Times and antici­ pating some of the arguments of Orwell s Road to Wigan Pier (1937), a more ideologically sophisticated book which English Journey nevertheless influ­ enced...

... of Wodehouse, however, is remarkably limited:* George Orwell s essay in Dickens, Dali and Others, John Aldridge s introduction to a Modern Library collection of Jeeves stories, and one or two other pieces. But even though friendly readers might be reluctant to bring serious criticism to the man who has called...

... of California (Los Angeles), is the author of The Nationalist Revival in France, 1905-1914, The Anti-Utopia of the Twentieth Century 441 of Longing is placed in the fifties; and so is the third world war that breaks out at the end of Virgil Gheorghiu s Twenty-Fifth Hour. Orwell s 1984 is for the day after...

... by Americans in the 1930s than Nathanael West s. Because his wretched characters are poor and desperate, Celine s first two books, with their low-life milieu, could be taken as dark variants on the proletarian novel. Like the early Orwell, he could be seen as a picaresque writer among the bottom dogs...

... novelists have been drawn to this formidably complex theme, because their experiences with Com­ munism have been largely second-hand, almost academic; they have no direct knowledge of Communist spies, concentration camps, bloodbaths, prisons, torture, and systematic terror. George Orwell took up the anti...

... with the great game of colonial administration he was provided with a surrogate father and family. Haggard was in this respect representative, one of the colo­ nial functionaries whom Orwell called the shock-absorbers of the bourgeoisie. 47 As Williams notes, often, in such a group, there is a kind...

... of universe they will live in. They choose a universe which they have some chance of mastering, but the effect is that it masters them. George Orwell is merely giving due credit when he points out that nine­ teenth-century Anglo-Indians were at any rate people who did things : It may be that all...

... of the more repulsive features of the Nazi German and Soviet Russian systems. The Germans and the Russians are said to have studied it as a possible source of techniques. Those who have read both The Re-public and Orwell s 1984 will realize that Orwell borrowed from Plato in constructing his picture...

... values. The values and goals of each society are the product of its cultural background, its historical experience, its geophysical setting, and its biological constitution. We of today must set our own goals. The late George Orwell might have been delighted by the rapid development of Newspeak, in which...

... or take seriously), in contrast with the “sectarian and scholastic” debates over abstract analysis, rigid orthodoxy, and vulgar economism that prevailed among the self-anointed vanguard (Reich [1934] 1966: 291; cf. Reich [1933] 1970: 6–7). Re‡ecting on analogous problems, George Orwell ([1937...

... achieved a measure of self­ understanding and knowledge. In 1946 George Orwell, who himself wrote brilliantly on Swift, described political discourse as consisting chiefly of euphemism, question-begging, and sheer cloudy vagueness. 38 Not sur­ prisingly, Swift shared his view two hundred years or so...

... Johnson, Thomas Carlyle, Matthew Arnold, John Stuart Mill, George Orwell, Edmund Wilson, Hannah Arendt, Lionel Trilling, and Raymond Williams are some of the great names of the past. Their The South Atlantic Quarterly 91:1, Winter 1992. Copyright © 1992 by Duke University Press, ccc 0038-2876/9250. 2...