... s mature achievement is one way of estimating the nature of that changing perspective. Fitzgerald presents the tragedies of his major novels retro­ spectively: the irrevocable fate that awaits Gatsby and Daisy, Dick and Nicole, Stahr and Kathleen, is grounded in experiences that Associate professor...

... themselves to the gro­ tesque.1 The prevalence of the device in his work is certainly clear enough. Howard S. Babb has argued persuasively that the mode of the grotesque provides the chief source of power in Fitzgerald s finest novel, The Great Gatsby.2 Elsewhere in Fitzgerald s fiction, the bizarre...

... ings. Its old dreams bankrupt and lost, moreover, New York/America frustrated, murdered, or perverted those who nonetheless undertook to dream anew in such novels as The Age ofInnocence (1920), by Edith Wharton, The Great Gatsby (1925), by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Miss Lonelyhearts (1933), by Nathanael...

..., when the writing itself no longer flowed and his life edged into the pattern of some of the best stories he had already written. Fitzgerald s disintegration was epitomized by his faltering progress on Tender Is the Night, his long-planned successor to The Great Gatsby, which he d begun drafting...

... especial poignancy. Catapulted into fame with the publication of his first book, This Side of Paradise (1920), he was for a brief half dozen years regarded as a kind of literary epitome of his age. Dur­ ing the years from the publication of The Great Gatsby (1925) to the appearance of Tender Is the Night...

...: When Whit­ man said O Pioneers , he said all ; or The ferry boat stood for triumph, the girl for romance but there was a third symbol that I have lost somewhere, and lost forever ; Books are like brothers, I am an only child. Gatsby my imaginary eldest brother, Amory my younger, Anthony my worry...

... are Moby-Dick, Lord The Witness Point of View in Fiction 219 Jim, Heart of Darkness, The Good Soldier, The Great Gatsby, and All the King s Men. Each of these novels has been subjected to frequent and exhaustive analysis in the past fifteen years. Each presents problems to the expert as to the casual...

... the evolution of Fitzgerald s work by analyzing much of the short fiction through which the novelist worked his way toward the themes of his novels. The analysis explains in a satisfying way how Fitzgerald was able to make the extraordinary leap forward from The Beautiful and Damned to The Great Gatsby, linking...

... of their treatment of the Dream s disillusioning allure: Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby (1925), Dreiser s An American Tragedy (1925), and Dos Passos s U.S.A. trilogy (1930, 1932, 1936). 1 bring up these novels because they treat the moral abuse of the Dream and be­ cause they document the troubled existence...

... of Fitzgerald s own creative problems. Even during the long nine years following the publication of The Great Gatsby when Fitzgerald, harrassed by grievous distractions, was trying to write Tender Is the Night, he apparently did not call upon his brilliant editor for the sort of help which extricated writers...

... explains in a satisfying way how Fitzgerald was able to make the extraordinary leap forward from The Beautiful and Damned to The Great Gatsby, linking conceptually the characters of Gatsby, Dick Diver, and Monroe Stahr. Less impressive is the evidence that Nietzsche, D. H. Lawrence, Oswald Spengler, Carl...

... poor pitiful rascals. Fitz­ gerald could put Gatsby s epitaph in the words of Owl-eyes, The poor son-of-a-bitch. In fact, a major characteristic of the American Adam from Huck Firm to Holden Caulfield, and of the American Eve, such as Hester Prynne, Isabel Archer, and Milly Teale, is compassion...

...-consumer dreaming on the origi­ nal Mayflower, or on the new Mayflower in front of the television, invented that person. If, in F. Scott Fitzgerald s words at the end of The Great Gatsby, the fresh, green breast of the new world had pandered in whispers to the last and greatest of all human dreams...

... protagonist and at the same time depicts the surrounding world with as much breadth and detail as Tender Is the Night. Jay Gatsby and Monroe Stahr may be rendered as vividly as Dick Diver but are viewed more externally. They play their parts, moreover, as do Amory Blaine and Anthony Patch, in far less...

... the publication of The Great Gatsby when Fitzgerald, harrassed by grievous distractions, was trying to write Tender Is the Night, he apparently did not call upon his brilliant editor for the sort of help which extricated writers like Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, and most impressively, Thomas Wolfe, from some...

... to the sources, a movement for an ideal order in art. Dr. Spiller finds discipline in books like The Great Gatsby, Winter- set, Mourning Becomes Electra, and A Farewell to Arms, which were appearing at the same time as the work of unreconstructed figures such as Dreiser, Lewis, Sandburg, and Wolfe. In a study...

.... In Eliot and Faulkner, who are grouped together in a chapter labeled The Uses of Memory, there is a looking back, a classic return to the sources, a movement for an ideal order in art. Dr. Spiller finds discipline in books like The Great Gatsby, Winter- set, Mourning Becomes Electra, and A Farewell...

... toward brilliance in the chapters on The Great Gatsby and Tender is the Night. Not the least of the book s merits is the rationale it provides for a sound collection of Fitzgerald s stories. The annotation is full, the index excellent. UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI FRANCIS E. SKIPP Mark Twain s Which Was the Dream...

... a pear, which is really a womb; and The Great Gatsby s wasteland images were really shaped by Conrad, not by Eliot, despite Fitzgerald s acknowledgment. In more detail, and taking the most widely discussed of Mr. Stall­ man s revisions, to argue that The Red Badge can be read only in the light...

... in Winter Dreams new families are displacing more refined older ones in Minnesota, or in The Great Gatsby New York is becoming more crass, neither place seems threat- 358 The South Atlantic Quarterly ened by the loss of vitality Fitzgerald saw as afflicting the South. In The Last Tycoon, however, he...