Indigenous communities in North America are either confined in remote areas of arid and undesirable living environments or scattered amid the dominant non-Indigenous colonial atmosphere. The former are distant and removed from the public's gaze and the latter have long been active contributors to society as a whole but invisible to the public. In spite of an inconsequential existence (from the general public's perspective), Indigenous North Americans are astutely aware of their Indigenous “underground” social world, and like mysterious smoke signals, Indigenous news travels across, in between, and beyond the capacity of technological norms. This essay offers the perspective from that underground social network of a California Native American living in Ontario, Canada, during the Idle No More movement.
Skip Nav Destination
Article navigation
