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orthography
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2024) 28 (2 (74)): 90–102.
Published: 01 July 2024
... Jamaican on the page. For creative writers navigating a global publishing market of anglophone editors and readers, this ongoing quest for a truer yet accessible orthography has both creative and market risk. But it also holds out rewards in reclaiming the Jamaican mother tongue and in developing...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (3 (72)): 215–225.
Published: 01 November 2023
... is modified to accommodate both the privileged Jamaican orthography and pronunciation of the word. In the micro moment of enunciation, a choice is required between tongues—either Jamaican or English: uman / woman . The pronunciation of tongue is practically identical in both languages. In this instance...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2018) 22 (3 (57)): 160–170.
Published: 01 November 2018
... is already constituted on the outskirts of humanity. The violence that she and her children experience is not contingent on transgression. The film consumes Jackson’s suffering of gratuitous violence for pleasure and spectacle. Jackson is unseen; she resides as and in the orthography of the wake...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2011) 15 (3 (36)): 134–154.
Published: 01 November 2011
...), 411. Orthography is always a problem in
writing about Haiti. Bawon Samdi is the Kreyòlized spelling of Baron Samedi, and is the orthography I privilege in this text
(as I do Vodou over Vodoun, Vodun, or the ubiquitous voodoo), unless quoting from an artist or writer who uses the older...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2024) 28 (2 (74)): 51–62.
Published: 01 July 2024
... the form of a radical break in linguistic register and orthography. It is a profoundly postcolonial move reminiscent of Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s decision to write in his natal language, Gikuyu, rather than Standard English. 17 Cooper announces her break with Standard English as academic idiom in terms...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2024) 28 (2 (74)): 103–114.
Published: 01 July 2024
... to teach the specialist orthography for the language designed by the linguist Frederic Cassidy and slightly updated by the Jamaican Language Unit at the University of the West Indies, Mona. I call it “Prapa-Prapa,” a duplicated Jamaican word meaning “official” in this context. In the layout of the column...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2016) 20 (1 (49)): 1–16.
Published: 01 March 2016
...” inclusive of both the Creole Cudjoe speaks and the mixed-up orthography of its literary representation. What so intrigues Cudjoe about evolution is its view of history as profoundly contingent, with the corollary that those discursive hierarchies imagined to determine the relation of standard to nonstandard...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2024) 28 (1 (73)): 157–163.
Published: 01 March 2024
... as “the meeting of class, gender, indigeneity, race, sexuality, and the many ways in which human beings are manifested” (113). It is possible that Gordon’s transposition from black to Black is limited by typography, but it is more likely that orthography is the problem I perceive. That is, in English...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2024) 28 (2 (74)): 73–78.
Published: 01 July 2024
... that apprehends beauty, from the text to the gut to the eye. The aim was for a coherent system of intellectual and political project, as she produced, for instance, the tough work of Patwa criticism—her sometimes startling orthography a deliberate choice to use a more consistent and orally attuned...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2022) 26 (2 (68)): 60–78.
Published: 01 July 2022
..., manbo is the correct spelling of this term, according to the official orthography, known as IPN (Institut Pédagogique National), first recognized by the Haitian government in 1979. For more on Kreyòl orthography, see Albert Valdman, Haitian Creole: Structure, Variation, Status, Origin (Sheffield, UK...
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (3 (72)): 237–245.
Published: 01 November 2023
... and Guadeloupe. Where Edmondson describes Marlon James having to create his own personal dictionary of the Jamaican language while he was writing A Brief History of Seven Killings (164), one of Haiti’s most distinguished writers, Frankétienne, has written complete works in Kreyòl: its standardized orthography...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2018) 22 (3 (57)): 171–180.
Published: 01 November 2018
... news sources that unhuman her. “Care” is not a word written on a piece of paper and taped to the forehead of a child. That marking is part of what I tried to think through as the orthography of the wake: the dominant and persistent grammars of our unhumaning. That grammar (of course, I am thinking...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2018) 22 (3 (57)): 37–46.
Published: 01 November 2018
... are therefore not fixed, either in their definition or in their form. The second distinctive element is the term in/security itself, an orthography that has been developed to highlight that, far from being fixed binary states or goals, security and insecurity are constantly produced and reproduced...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (2 (71)): 51–71.
Published: 01 July 2023
... and Idiom in Nationalist Literature: Achebe, Ngugi, and Brathwaite” from 1985 I had examined the “graphemic and morphemic re-assembling of conventional English orthography” in the poetic language of Brathwaite’s Mother Poem and Third World Poems . 22 Another essay, “Caribbean Verbal Arts...
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2021) 25 (1 (64)): 132–154.
Published: 01 March 2021
... , rev. ed. (Port-au-Prince: Edisyon KIK, 2012), 4. All citations are to the 2012 revised edition, which uses an updated orthography that eliminates, among other letters and diacritics, the French accent aigu (’). Unless otherwise indicated, all translations are mine. 4 A fourth sibling...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2012) 16 (2 (38)): 86–98.
Published: 01 July 2012
... Cuss” (188) in the same volume. 18 Louise Bennett, “Back to Africa,” in Jamaica Labrish (Kingston: Sangster, 1966), 214. Details of orthography vary in different editions of her work. 17 Walcott, “The Muse of History,” 37. 16 Walcott has a comparable scene much later...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2013) 17 (3 (42)): 16–34.
Published: 01 November 2013
... own idiosyncratic orthography began to evolve. In Jamaica, her encounter with street art and popular culture was a revelation of another kind of “word powah,” empowering her to express herself outside the conventional terms of the official art world. The distinctive usages and neologisms of Rastafari...
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2020) 24 (2 (62)): 17–34.
Published: 01 July 2020
... critical of what he saw as an indiscriminate use of Creole in Caribbean literature. In his review of Patrick Chamoiseau’s novel Texaco (written in French Creole), Walcott wrote, “My hatred of the current way of writing down Creole (‘orthography’) is a lost battle, but my rage continues in defeat...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2021) 25 (1 (64)): 28–46.
Published: 01 March 2021
... the Sephardic colonists eventually relocated. Behind the ruins of the Jodensavanne synagogue lies another Jewish cemetery as well as a creole cemetery containing surnames, like Sophie Naasie’s, whose spelling deviates from the standard orthography to indicate a nonofficial relationship with one of the Jewish...
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2014) 18 (3 (45)): 90–106.
Published: 01 November 2014
... different from myself. Such a Caribbean reader, I must note, could just as well be a Martinican who has been educated entirely in French and for whom the Creole orthography might also impose a degree of alienation. 24 These common attitudes toward Creole languages are of a kind with those that have made...
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