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indentured labor
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2017) 21 (2 (53)): 81–93.
Published: 01 July 2017
... (to Everyone) (New York: HarperCollins, 2016). 16 Hugh Tinker, “Into Servitude: Indian Labour in the Sugar Industry, 1833–1970,” in Shula Marks and Peter Richardson, eds., International Labour Migration (London: Institute of Commonwealth Studies, 1984), 88. An “afterlife of indenture” two decades...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (1 (70)): 1–18.
Published: 01 March 2023
..., the essay illuminates the racialized and caste-based knowledge systems that were mobilized to “make live” the reserve of potential labor force aboard. Concomitantly, it reads the colonial archive for moments in which indentured servants register their presence through their responses to being or refusal...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2022) 26 (3 (69)): 31–51.
Published: 01 November 2022
... letter to the editor in which McTurk dons the racialized mask of his persona to warn that an inquiry into the abuse of indentured Indian laborers will provoke a violent response from the Afro-Guyanese community. The essay argues that the versification of Quow’s voice seeks to implant him as a “found...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2014) 18 (2 (44)): 108–122.
Published: 01 July 2014
... through symbolic means rather than a precise location related to the infrastructure of indentureship. 11 Seecharan, Tiger in the Stars , 353. 10 See K. O. Laurence, A Question of Labour: Indentured Immigration into Trinidad and British Guiana, 1875–1917 (New York: St. Martin's, 1994...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (2 (71)): 167–176.
Published: 01 July 2023
... , which featured prerecorded performances of the dramatic monologues of three Indian indentured laborers—two based on archival materials and one on a work of fiction—and conversations with the authors. 1 The event was fascinating for me because, as a writer, I enjoy readings (even on Zoom during...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2018) 22 (2 (56)): 219–231.
Published: 01 July 2018
... and Tobago: A History (London: Zed, 1994); Verene Shepherd, Narratives of a Passage from India to the Caribbean (Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 1992); Madhavi Kale, Fragments of Empire: Capital, Slavery, and Indian Indentured Labor in the British Caribbean (Philadelphia: University...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (1 (70)): 100–122.
Published: 01 March 2023
... similarly takes issue with the idea of “free labor” by indentured laborers who were recruited in China, India, and Indonesia to replace the enslaved after the abolition. Enslavement and indentured labor, in that sense, should be viewed as a continuum, with indenture implying an “adapted” phase...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2014) 18 (1 (43)): 38–54.
Published: 01 March 2014
... the concessions made by their national governments that they share a legacy of indentured labor. How might Caribbean and South Asian historiography, respectively, in this particular moment in history be both critical of and productive for the other, and for historical practice and criticism in general? I...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2009) 13 (1): 98–111.
Published: 01 March 2009
... mine).
4 The term coolie was used to refer to Chinese and Indian labor. See Walton Look Lai, Indentured Labor, Caribbean Sugar: Chinese
and Indian Migrations to the British West Indies, 1838–1918 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993), and Chinese in the
West Indies, 1806–1995...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2017) 21 (2 (53)): 94–111.
Published: 01 July 2017
... their heritage to the indenture system. Khan writes of this project: “[It] engages with the history of colonial indentured labour meets Indian patriarchy meets South African racism in my grandmother's and mother's lives (and their histories of generational violence), but also relating this to the wider...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2018) 22 (2 (56)): 35–56.
Published: 01 July 2018
... and the daguerreotype. 11 See Isabelle Lausent-Herrera, “Tusans (tusheng) and the Changing Chinese Community in Peru,” in Walton Look Lai and Tan Chee-Beng, eds., The Chinese in Latin America and the Caribbean (Leiden, UK: Brill, 2010). 10 See Walton Look Lai, Indentured Labor, Caribbean Sugar: Chinese...
FIGURES
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2003) 7 (2): 168–178.
Published: 01 September 2003
..., on the geneal-
ogy of the category of indentured labor in the post-Emancipation period, made a pow-
Small Axe 14, September 2003: pp. 168–178
ISSN 0799-0537
erful case for asking diff erent kinds of questions about empire and its projects. Inspired
by Foucauldian and poststructuralist understandings...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2024) 28 (2 (74)): 179–189.
Published: 01 July 2024
... Rico Rocío Zambrana The plantation is a racial order, one irreducibly anti-black despite the racial complexity introduced by the move to indentured labor . . . and other forms of coerced labor pursued before, throughout, and after emancipation. —Rocío Zambrana, “The Plantation Complex...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2009) 13 (2): 57–71.
Published: 01 July 2009
... served their time or
their usefulness to the host society. In 1845, when the system of recruiting Indian indentured
labor was introduced, it was used on the plantations now denuded of enslaved labor, thus
setting up the first serious antagonism with the coexisting labor supply. Freed...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (2 (71)): 72–74.
Published: 01 July 2023
... of the labor required in this corrective enterprise. Education in the region was, from the earliest times, education about Europe, particularly England. It was an education structured to inform the sons and daughters of plantation owners who could not afford or did not choose to send their children “home...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2006) 10 (3): 19–36.
Published: 01 October 2006
... in the Caribbean begins with the “official” abolition of slavery in 1838 when a second wave of
“voluntary immigration” was mobilized from India in the form of the indentured labor trade. European sugar-
plantation owners still needed a cheap and industrious agricultural workforce that was familiar...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2017) 21 (2 (53)): 112–122.
Published: 01 July 2017
... of the archive and the authority of its statements”; 9 the actual interpretation of the jewelry by those who wore it subverts the intention of the colonial postcards, since the jewelry originally represented the labor performed by those it adorned. Jewelry for indentured women was “the Indian way...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2014) 18 (3 (45)): 18–34.
Published: 01 November 2014
... and early twentieth centuries. By 1891, 78 percent of Indo-Trinidadians were engaged in agricultural labor, but only half of this number remained resident on the cocoa and sugar estates. 36 That East Indians aspired for autonomy from the estates is testified to by this tendency for indentured laborers...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2018) 22 (3 (57)): 105–114.
Published: 01 November 2018
... and declining sugar prices, indentured labor schemes, and their impact on “the market for agricultural labourers.” 13 Less discursively prominent in nineteenth-century traveling representations but more central to everyday practice was the internal market for food and produce. While authors such as Trollope...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2011) 15 (2 (35)): 197–208.
Published: 01 July 2011
...
a prevailing opinion in an anthropological register, as much as he is asserting an economic
necessity, since it is important to keep both groups separate and competing with each other
in the labor market.29 As I showed, middle-class Trinidadians of African descent were out-
raged when Froude, Kingsley...
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