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Panama Canal
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1
Journal Article
Small Axe (2019) 23 (2 (2)): 34–56.
Published: 01 July 2019
...Joan Flores-Villalobos This essay explores the archival presence of West Indian women in the archives of the Isthmian Canal Commission, the biggest repository of original documents regarding the construction of the Panama Canal. Using a 1909 photograph of a nude black West Indian woman found...
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/10.1215_07990537-7703266/1/s_0230034f3.png?Expires=2147483647&Signature=FJVtdHqlHzaMfItxDfTBa24bsi-dTWgUuArYqlTZny8-~IV0RHz4qtzxHxOwcDVqUsr3kRS5kTTF6Mp-Y2Ukj80ssYFK~suI6BE0WX8ONCy98-Rf0KER5j4LLxXWFWDS64Hh-s0Mzb69XOO4GN6W8W8E~HZFzxNqpkkLPmbrVFzrv~yxFYcc7poXCDf90-O~y5Wstf2q8UVB7mA0P4RZ2oK7Fn~13JKEx5H0cawoRcTxzUHZqpCv40FBs1Ky91fdwNj5rjsWS0eTcHReazM-3V1GFwLkEJmG-Fi8eYPiELcfB1Xk9~kmEdMedgwZcSLGGAOlzc4wndrRQ3pT~q0SdA__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
in “Freak Letters”: Tracing Gender, Race, and Diaspora in the Panama Canal Archive
> Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism
Published: 01 July 2019
Figure 3 “Typical home of West Indian laborer, Golden Green,” Panama Canal Zone, ca. 1908. Photograph by Ernest Hallen. National Archives and Records Administration Still Pictures Department.
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/10.1215_07990537-7703266/1/s_0230034f5.png?Expires=2147483647&Signature=NUqdw2nYRY8dkOyzgjd54CyQdwNqGlOCD78odB4r8l~7DmEk9f5JJonikdfnt-4p-EX5Kv9wIsEjgP5drDv~~EVbFnM2PhVBThYbDavyAcfv-~UUwnwoqALg0DLgaGSCSjZ~gSG3h9BgkSZZ5xk~b8gmKjWXMz4G9BnFYVU4a6zQQUPc4lxoaEbO0NgKJa-uHT8Aw7ZxYd89ciSEpnpjQFSyz3dHqqJhM4uXvw-gqCrar0FLnVhSpCIPyl-PgdQVmdL5LtdbeBBGDagwPmubWbs18yxltpdxJnW~twqJFA2iB8alUW7i2mh2vciCYVRglnXwXLfNsnMT05P0GsafPw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
in “Freak Letters”: Tracing Gender, Race, and Diaspora in the Panama Canal Archive
> Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism
Published: 01 July 2019
Figure 5 Untitled photograph, 1910, Tabernilla, Panama Canal Zone; 5 × 7 in. Photographer unknown. Records of the Panama Canal, National Archives at College Park, MD. National Archives and Records Administration.
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Image
/10.1215_07990537-7703266/1/s_0230034f2.png?Expires=2147483647&Signature=OtCDx0xwDOJwV7FLSd9JoltRiF0KjM-EbU3HAQLUOdcFoZwol2sG1DDQifGZgCL3vqjWkbM299WulP2KoT~po93KTREkxDkpibijbyMQZDWhBMfoTSaEENA2hRmDeYBMEa6bmNIfQpNaK6oOYqYr6YjXjE0Wb0ZIJkgzInsgjB9zjk5KUqzPS1bUrczKh25HrW8yX2uPZf3PAdXlFRZExAJzD5JJbCwwRTQVSMKGb8L4q6CGrRN8OeSDt5z72TCZSrWzdZO2bUhpcOPbj0YyZS5TFIVipMjdPmIL8bpwU9z2g3OpQ9-Zqg0XuFNxuAYpomATyd4TUhBk8EvQdnje4A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
in “Freak Letters”: Tracing Gender, Race, and Diaspora in the Panama Canal Archive
> Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism
Published: 01 July 2019
Figure 2 “Teatime in the private residence of Division Engineer Col. Gaillard and his wife,” Panama Canal Zone, ca. 1908. Photograph by Ernest Hallen (official photographer of the Isthmian Canal Commission). National Archives and Records Administration Still Pictures Department.
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2019) 23 (2 (2)): 164–166.
Published: 01 July 2019
.... J oan F lores -V illalobos earned her PhD from New York University and is now an assistant professor of history at The Ohio State University. Her book manuscript, “The Silver Women: Intimacy and Migration in the Panama Canal,” explores the labor migration of West Indian women during the Panama...
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/10.1215_07990537-7703266/1/s_0230034f4.png?Expires=2147483647&Signature=ZTUeHSbwLvPwy1OAiU-5nNcucIoPY2qXqU-uN7T6doXI1xQzqPXUNVmsu~4u-~Yv7RzLKKIJEvgUxxGeYS0ghNfsiWoF7yjM3~ElTnbzaYlrLVZ1Let36o~v1VdFJsX9Ao-ZQWY31ggtNJHnbAndzRS4rvVmQQC~a50BEckjJz5Mo24Kno6v5~3VOp3HeF~zRfOOoG6OCEbu2fxwwgg2fup3e7BdrFcka69ovTD9XRL6btm8HtfP6-NlC~5q3UEO-VrKVieGs8MW7jDDIObSyW3fT0FvbmD31ehkNeO~Uj0KG56Jxa9CAL2YHTVHnmjtVqcOsWKpktzsy7xvcDHP~g__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
in “Freak Letters”: Tracing Gender, Race, and Diaspora in the Panama Canal Archive
> Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism
Published: 01 July 2019
Figure 4 Anonymous, “GIRL—for cocking and general housework,” 1922, newspaper clipping on paper, 8.5 × 11 in. Records of the Panama Canal, National Archives at College Park, MD. National Archives and Records Administration.
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2015) 19 (1 (46)): 37–54.
Published: 01 March 2015
... people,” Eric Walrond was an island man. 42 Born in British Guiana in 1898, he moved to Barbados in 1906 with his parents and siblings. Three years later, William Walrond, his father, is said to have abandoned the family for the Panama Canal Zone. Much like the small boy in “Tropic Death,” the last...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2023) 27 (3 (72)): 15–31.
Published: 01 November 2023
...-Villalobos has underscored how the “domestic and care labor” of West Indian women both subsidized the construction of the Panama Canal and enabled them to “skirt, and at times challenge, the legal, moral, and economic parameters imperial authorities sought to impose on this migrant workforce.” 12 While...
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/10.1215_07990537-7703266/1/s_0230034f1.png?Expires=2147483647&Signature=IramNlNlylA0kv-kZBU4qq2kdsMxbid4gCA4LxITwF~dQaT3nzjiMWD~AmNm2W2sS~0yxBxfrupcU5gaUTQL~phPJItoUvHmA7rgKRXbAd2S0J855Z~EKF2rXD3nBV95XHd4od~1iY3FpRHkgvqxih3lopszD5KrIjBmG1cGufjo-M0LuvkOS-QgFsraTs0Zvx-7L9gDEVRqTOeqvqqj2PkWCilL2SnEAezTt1xCrCIEoXQcDgwBRLA1UDTeyauqIi7D00pBBcyU8JhDqsoF4kPr1kWSAbdYopwhtcsACkzQgAYxsqIlI5ltJgdoTw4snkWHHt4FcPM6y1MjAJTudA__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
in “Freak Letters”: Tracing Gender, Race, and Diaspora in the Panama Canal Archive
> Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism
Published: 01 July 2019
Figure 1 F. E. Wright, “The Washing Place at Taboga,” 1913, watercolor. From Willis John Abbot, Panama and the Canal in Picture and Prose (New York: Syndicate, 1913).
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2014) 18 (1 (43)): 7–21.
Published: 01 March 2014
... Macpherson, “Colonial Matriarchs: Garveyism, Maternalism, and Belize's Black Cross Nurses, 1920–1952,” Gender and History 15, no. 3 (2003): 507–27; Carla Burnett, “‘Are We Slaves or Free Men?’: Labor, Race, Garveyism, and the 1920 Panama Canal Strike,” (PhD diss., University of Illinois at Chicago, 2004...
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Journal Article
Small Axe (2013) 17 (3 (42)): 244–246.
Published: 01 November 2013
... diaspora studies program. Her research interests include contemporary popular fiction, literatures of the African diaspora, cultural studies, and narratives of migration. She is the author of “Colón Man a Come”: Mythographies of Panamá Canal Migration (2005) and articles published in peer-reviewed...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2019) 23 (1 (58)): 1–16.
Published: 01 March 2019
... an imperial power at a time when Haiti’s state and its sovereignty were increasingly under threat. Toward the end of 1904, the Times in London ran an article on Haitian objections to the expansion of the territorial claims of the United States in the Caribbean, specifically in regard to the Panama Canal...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Small Axe (2020) 24 (2 (62)): 175–186.
Published: 01 July 2020
... was the Panama Canal. Alongside war, racial hierarchy is endemic in racial capitalism insofar as it arranges and violently includes nations and peoples in the international order. Hierarchy designates, according to political theorist Adom Getachew, “processes of integration and interaction that produce...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2006) 10 (1): 1–27.
Published: 01 February 2006
... of the organization was signifi cant in those countries where British Caribbean
islanders had gone in search of work, from the Panama Canal and railroads and banana
plantations in Central America to the sugar centraless in the Dominican Republic and
Cuba Th e latter country emerged as one of the more fertile...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2021) 25 (2 (65)): 1–15.
Published: 01 July 2021
... opposition from the American government, based primarily on US national security concerns (the risk of German spies passing for refugees and Haiti’s proximity to the Panama Canal, a geostrategic and economic asset) and the assumption of cultural incommensurability between Haitians and Jews led to between 150...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2013) 17 (1 (40)): 50–70.
Published: 01 March 2013
... In leaving Jamaica, Garvey was thus moving with the tide in what was the second of three main waves of emigration that began after the turn of the century, when the Panama Canal project was revived by the United States, in 1904, and banana cultivation in Costa Rica rapidly expanded. The third wave...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2012) 16 (3 39): 143–165.
Published: 01 November 2012
... to do
what these women would end up doing: domestic work. While others from Guadeloupe were
going to the Panama Canal in search of economic opportunities, or were going to New York
seeking families to work for (as was probably the case for the women in the photographs...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2018) 22 (3 (57)): 56–67.
Published: 01 November 2018
... Radicalism in Panama, 1914–1921,” Journal of Social History 47, no. 2 (2013): 437–38, 438. 17 Jenkinson, Black 1919 , 27. 18 See Jonathan Hyslop, “The Imperial Working Class Makes Itself ‘White’: White Labourism in Britain, Australia, and South Africa before the First World War,” Journal...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2003) 7 (1): 95–115.
Published: 01 March 2003
.... Economic migration within the Caribbean region and to the North
(United States, Britain, and Canada) is not a new phenomenon. From the building of
the Panama Canal to migration to Cuba, the Dominican Republic, small islands like St.
Lucia and St. Kitts, western Europe (especially Britain), and North...
Journal Article
Small Axe (2004) 8 (2): 61–83.
Published: 01 September 2004
... was strategically impor- tant for the U.S. government s defense against possible European aggression against the Panama Canal and the U.S. mainland Indeed, military bases occupy prime areas on the hundred-mile-long by thirty-fi ve-mile-wide main island, and US armed forces have conducted hazardous missile testing...
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