... and the first oar,” which can be seen in the writing of Michel Chiha 03-Hartman.btw 4/16/03 2:59 PM Page 37 “The First Boat and the First Oar”: Inventions of Lebanon in the Writings of Michel Chiha It was this sea that perhaps saw the first...

... into a repertoire of local, regional, and global prejudices to racialize both mandatory France and its West African foot soldiers, as well as themselves in the process, to the benefit of Lebanese decolonization. Decolonial Lebanon’s parting of the so-called color curtain in May 1945 thus blurred the lines between...

... southern Lebanon and broadcast it to the public. This video, followed by numerous others, had an impact on the growing popularity of the movement and, even more so, on the construction of their image in the minds of both their public and the Israeli one. First broadcast by national media, these videos...

...Sarah Gualtieri Elizabeth Thompson, Colonial Citizens: Republican Rights, Paternal Privilege, and Gender in French Syria and Lebanon . New York: Columbia University Press, 2000. Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan . New York: Columbia University...

... their national independence only after World War I or World War II: Egypt (from Britain, 1922), Iraq (from Britain, 1930), Lebanon (from France, 1946), Syria (from France, 1946), Jordan (from Britain, 1946), Libya (from Italy, 1951), Tunisia (from France, 1956), Sudan...

... forty-odd militias in Lebanon Every reporter in Lebanon was fully aware that for $1.98 and ten Green Stamps anyone couM have you killed Reporters in Beirut carried fear with them just like their notebooks and pens." Yet, he maintains, fear never blocked 'majof new stories from emerg- ing...

... and later first prime minister of independent Lebanon, Riad Solh, was perceived to possess this potential personal gravitas. 44 Solh’s relationship with Chawkat Ali, moreover, provided the strongest interpersonal link with Gandhism. Ali was a veteran of the Indian-based Khilafa movement, which had sought...

..., and the Modern in Fin de Siècle Paris. Sarah Gualtieri is assistant professor of Middle East history at Loyola University in New Orleans. Her work focuses on the relationship between migration and national identity for- mation in Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine. She...

... Covenant to Mein Karnpf. He justified the demolition of Iraq's nuclear facility in 1981 and the invasion of Lebanon in 1982 with reference to the Holocaust. When the international community condemned Israel's assault on Lebanon he replied that the Holocaust deprived non-Jews of the right...

... in Ireland are notably documented. Less analysis is available on the role of visual culture in other recent conflicts. Painting, video, and cinema produced in conjunction with liberation strug- gles such as those in Palestine or Lebanon and among the popular movements in Latin America remain...

... to Nasrallah’s Political Islam.” For the last year he was the managing editor of menassat.com, a Web site that covers the Arab media, and a part-time media instructor at the University of Balamand in Lebanon. Kristopher Imbrigotta is a PhD candidate in German studies at the University of Wisconsin...

... solely a matter of rhetorical gestures. Rather, such proclama- tions of solidarity were intentional, tactical, and tied to specific historical realities, particularly the Israeli incursions into Lebanon during the 1980s, which led to a moment, if only brief, of sympathy with the Palestinian struggle...

... on the following key issues: political orientation, borders, the issue of the Palestinians, the army and politics, and the legitimacy of the war.2 Israel's 1982 Lebanon invasion hastened the disintegration of the consensus. This breakdown brought to the forefront a number of contra- dictions which...

... of the Palestinians in Jordan and Lebanon, the desire to do more is rarely stated. It is these symbols that engender the final aspect of cultural memory: obligation. Whether the paintings are rendered by celebrated painters such as Shammout, or within the homes of Palestinian housewives such as Fatima...

... came into office repudiating the commitment to a human rights–focused foreign policy previously proclaimed by Jimmy Carter. Public opinion was ripe for this shift because following the 1979 Iranian revolution and Israel’s 1982 invasion of Lebanon...

... Arab anti-Zionist Shi’i cleric became influential in shaping Ira- nian religious forces’ view of Israel: Musa al-Sadr, the prominent Lebanese scholar and politician, who became engaged in Arab-Israeli polemics in the late 1950s. Iran’s Shi’i clergy have long had an interest in Lebanon’s Shi’i...

..., Lebanon, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Seven others could not make it either due to other obligations (North American delegates), or due to visa restrictions (delegates from the Middle East). The majority of the participants were queer and trans Palestinians living in Palestine...

...-three Asian nations — Afghanistan, Burma, Cambodia, Ceylon, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Laos, Lebanon, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Thailand, Turkey, North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and Yemen — and six African nations — Egypt, Ethiopia, the Gold...

... inevitable. For many years the center of Palestinian political life lay outside of Palestine, as the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) organized refugees to fight for the liberation of their country. The peak of the thawra (revolution) was in the 1970s when the PLO, then based in Lebanon, managed...

... is the editor of a forthcom- ing book, “Trends and Transformations in International Relations since 1945.” John T. Chalcraft is a lecturer in the history of the modern Middle East in the Department of Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Edinburgh. He works on Egypt and Lebanon, history...