...Sarah Copland; James Phelan Abstract This article proposes to revise rhetorical narrative theory's model of audiences in fiction (actual, authorial, narrative, ideal narrative, and narratee) by replacing the term/concept of the ideal narrative audience with that of the ideal narratee , defined...

... not have access to the anti-intuitive workings of reverse causality, we can thematize this oscillation on a performative level as the interplay between the narrator's and narratee's perspectives, which are looked at collectively as the two foci of narrative consciousness. Finally, and while leaving...

... scandals, from its wheeling and dealing Through this presentation of self, Le Pen attempts to show that he can act as an ideal mediator in the Gulf conflict. At the same time he gives himself the right to reveal to the French everything that others have been trying to hide from them. He embodies...

... textual perspectives” (ibid Furthermore, the presupposition of unity gives direction to the reader’s efforts, and the impossibility of overcoming the incompleteness ensures that the text will have gaps that the reader can fill with “her own ideal- ized ego” (ibid 5. Characters...

... and actual readers. In addition to providing a framework for describing narrative occasion, this socially attuned analysis highlights problems with rhetorical narrative theory's treatment of audience, particularly its idealization of the authorial audience. The article thus points the way toward dismantling...

... situation. Then it goes on to discuss two contrasting approaches to fictional unreliability, the rhetorical and the cognitivist or constructivist. The rhetorical approach deals, in an idealized way, with the gap between the narrator and the implied author and is only concerned with the “implied...

... this case, let's compare the ChatGPT story about Barbie Dolls with Sandra Cisneros's “Barbie-Q” ( 1991 ) in which an unnamed Latina girl talks to her narratee (probably her sister) about their happiness in acquiring multiple Barbie dolls at a fire sale. Here's the last paragraph: So what if we didn't get...

... of storytelling” (ibid In his endeavor to trace the modes in which “an author communicates to her audience by means of the character narrator’s communication to a narratee” (1), various theoretical issues arise. Phelan devotes particular attention to the interface and tensions between “narrator functions...

... Literary Ethics and Lyric Narrative 631 one going back at least to German idealism and including Nussbaum and Booth, that insists on the connection between ethics and aesthet- ics. The approach I am developing views both aesthetics and ethics from a rhetorical perspective...

...). Popper, Karl 1985 Popper Selections , edited by David Miller (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press). Prince, Gerald 1981 “Introduction to the Study of the Narratee,” in Reader Response Criticism ,edited by Jane Tompkins, 7 -25 (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press). Rabinowitz...

..., common to the later Wittgenstein and to pragmatism, that the abstract and idealizing questions philosophy torments itself with are irrelevant to the nonphilosophical universe. For Witt- genstein, our essentially nonphilosophical constitution is summarized in the idea of agreement in forms of life...

...: Author ! Implied Author ! Narrator ! Narratee ! Implied Reader ! Reader (Chatman 1978: 151). Lively † Joint Attention, Semiotic Mediation, and Literary Narrative 525 Figure 1 The Saussurean speech circuit (Saussure 1966 [1915]: 11) oppositions.11 Alternative views of the nature...

... ). In the story “Autobiography: A Self-Recorded Fiction,” the narratee is the father-author. The reader is the external recipient, who is addressed because the internal recipient has disappointed the protagonist-text. Thus the reader is a substitute for the father/author. “Life-Story” implies that the old analogy...

... mean the Aristotelian belief that epic aspires to the condition of drama and, thanks to Homer’s quantum leap toward this ideal (Poetics, chap. 8), evolved so as to approach and then to generate it, in the form of dramatized epic, second best to drama proper. A strong analogy, doubtless, except...

...), second, by (to some extent) eliding the distinction between fictionality and fictivity, and, third, by foregrounding the communicative intention of the deployment of fictional stories. The authors see fictionality as an interpretative assumption on the part of recipients of a story. The narratee...

..., where the inventor remains as criterial and restrictive, but comes less to the fore. 690 Poetics Today 28:4 256–57; Nelles 2006: 120). Less routinely, John Barth (1984: 42) inverts the causal linkage: “the novelist, whose trade is the manufacture of universes, needs ideally to know...

... (reflectors, narratees, secondary narrators) in the communication chain that this primary narrator (reliable or otherwise) launches, maintains, and at will extends by quoting lower-level voices and views (they, too, reliable or other- wise). At the same time, the narrator mediates (again, reliably...

..., “empathic morality may be ideal in homogenous groups,” while in multicultural societies similarity bias can reduce moral motivations between social groups and even “intensify conflicts” (ibid.: 215). If narrative empathy circumvents similarity bias, however, then fic- tion can play...

... that “it may be wel, paraventure, yet to day” (ibid.: 1473), which, due to the narrator’s obvious idealization of the knight, carries authority for us. We also infer that Arver- agus’s projection will retain its virtual character, because as Ryan (1986: 328) observes, “virtual narratives tend to be fully...