... typology. To achieve this purpose, the well-known systems of narrative situations in Bal 1981, 1985 [1977] and of focalization in Genette 1980 [1972] are reconciled with those of homodiegetic narration in Lanser 1981 and Füger 1993. A revised and comprehensive version of possible identity relations among...

... is called Internal Focalization of Awareness (IFA). IFA is found in homodiegetic as well as heterodiegetic texts, whether they feature the present tense throughout or exhibit tense alternation. It is further argued that in all forms of internal focalization, including IFA, the present tense tends to be used...

...: it is the teller-we that interests her. This perspective has significant consequences for the way in which one looks at actual texts of the corpus of narratives utilizing the we-form. Bekhta is, of course, correct in positing the existence of a homodiegetic we as equivalent to a we-narrational utterance...

... narratives achieve their effects) because of highly specialized and complex vocabulary. Such “infelicitous coinages” (ibid.) as “hetero- diegetic narration . . . and homodiegetic narration” (x)—introduced by the dean of narrative theory, Gérard Genette—“have the unfortunate effect .  For earlier...

... is, then, not a narratological tool but an epistemic phenomenon that requires further examination. 1. Taking a First Look at Diegesis 1.1. Introduction Gérard Genette’s term diegesis (French diégèse, not diégésis)—along with its various compound expressions such as homodiegetic, extradiegetic, and so on— has become...

..., homodiegetic) and “levels” (extradiegetic, intradiegetic). Yet as Walsh (ibid.: 41) rightly observes, “within the communicative model, the concept of level disallows ontological discontinuity, because it is understood as a chain of literally transmitted narratives; but the concept of person depends upon...

... erosion of homodiegetic narration (in Out of Mind ), and links between these narrative operations and an engagement with institutions on the levels of plot and theme (in both works). In arguing for dementia fiction's commitment to an extended notion of form, I want to enlist the subgenre for the more...

... his own. Just like resorts to counterfactuals, this kind of comparison and appraisal seems to be given to characters in extra-heterodiegetic narratives. It occurs, however, without attracting attention to itself in homodiegetic narratives, where it is common for the narrator to present competing...

... New Books at a Glance 727 have to do with some kind of self-referentiality, Nünning contends, they are certainly not identical. Metanarration does not always lead to meta- fictional effects; rather, in the homodiegetic rst-person context, where the narration is perceived as part of the narrative’s...

... effects; rather, in the homodiegetic rst-person context, where the narration is perceived as part of the narrative’s represented world, meta- narration is frequently used to enhance the illusion of this world’s reality. Nünning deals with metanarration both synchronically and diachronically. First, he...

... New Books at a Glance 727 have to do with some kind of self-referentiality, Nünning contends, they are certainly not identical. Metanarration does not always lead to meta- fictional effects; rather, in the homodiegetic rst-person context, where the narration is perceived as part of the narrative’s...

...-referentiality, Nünning contends, they are certainly not identical. Metanarration does not always lead to meta- fictional effects; rather, in the homodiegetic rst-person context, where the narration is perceived as part of the narrative’s represented world, meta- narration is frequently used to enhance...

...]) familiar parlance, homodiegetic nar- rations, i.e., those written by characters active in the plot. Also included, however, is a small number of heterodiegetic narratives in which there is a relation of historico-spatial contiguity between narrator and characters, i.e., the narrator offers a purportedly...

... hardly has any epistemo- logical privileges over her characters, the epistolary homodiegetic mode in turn flaunts authorial insight as the character narrator verbally crafts her own interiority. The juxtaposition of letters with heterodiegetic narration and free indirect discourse, a recurring...

... that a narrator of fiction who is not perceived to be speaking for the author presents a special challenge to interpretation. Whether or not the narrator is literally a homodiegetic or “character nar- rator” in James Phelan’s (2005) sense of the term,5 such narrators are seen to have the kind...

... the “narratee” to be optional, for in any autobiography, as in fictional homodiegetic narration, there always exists a narrator “I.” It goes beyond the scope of the present essay to investigate further narrato- logical differences between fiction and autobiography. Attention will now focus...

.... Someone who is familiar with tarot cards—including Calvino and his narrator—will recog- nize these figures whether the name is on the card or not. “The Castle” is narrated by an unnamed homodiegetic narrator— a character narrator. The setting of the frame story, which the narrator...

... because they do not exist outside the story world. Dan Shen ( 2002 ), in yet a third approach, finds that the story/discourse distinction disintegrates in the case of character-narration. She draws on the example of Lolita (1955) to point out that “in homodiegetic narration . . . the borderline between...

... to narrative emplotment, and the latent point- ers to the work’s ontic key. Such implications not only lurk in force between the lines of the “heterodiegetic” narrator’s “performatives” but also run throughout between the lines of the formally nonperformative discourse conveyed by all “homodiegetic...

... of Narrative (Columbus: Ohio State University Press). Preston, Mary Elizabeth 1997 “ Homodiegetic Narration: Reliability, Selfconsciousness, Ideology, and Ethics .” PhD diss., Ohio State University. Preston, Thomas R. 1984 “The Uses of Adversity: Worldly Detachment and Heavenly Treasure in The Vicar...