... Anthropocene terraforming urban ecology urban literature speculative fiction When we think of “the land” and its literary representations, what usually comes to mind are the rural landscapes of Thomas Hardy or Willa Cather, the wild landscapes of James Fenimore Cooper, the social meanings of land...

... organ- isms in the natural phenomena of an urban habitat. Though the term ecology itself would not have been available to him (it was coined in 1866), Dickens turns to the natural motif of the fog specifically to supersede the narrower discourse of economy, which would externalize the city’s...

...Corbin Hiday Armstrong's observation above can be extended in order to think through the more planetary reverberations in the novel's understanding of temporality evidenced in social and familial relations but also in its figurations of the nonhuman or, put otherwise, its ecology. In a striking...

... an intellectual world, but also between Hardy and the present? In response to this question, I will suggest that we must loosen historicism's grip on form in order to understand the significance of Hardy today. Rather than read Hardy genealogically as an “ecological” novelist with Raymond Williams, whose...

... of the militarization of California's urban culture. Like Butler, Davis perceives a sinister social order taking shape in this development. I borrow the term "privatopia" from McKenzie, whose study of homeowner associations and residential private communities illuminates the real historical context...

... : Animals in Romantic-Period Writing. Burlington : Ashgate , 2001 . Kleinberg-Levin David Michael . Before the Voice of Reason: Echoes of Responsibility in Merleau-Ponty's Ecology and Levinas's Ethics . New York : State U of New York P , 2008 . Langer Monika . “Nietzsche, Heidegger...

... of urban and industrial life create a toxic ecology for the poor, abandoned, and often feared characters of the novel. The novel is set in 1960, the year LA County began bulldozing parts of the neighborhood to lay concrete for freeways, and 1970, when the LA county sheriff imposed curfews to stall...

... urban space. I am ultimately interested in how these subjectivities inform various imaginations of futurity—catastrophic, deconstructive, and regenerative—within a country in which, as Imraan Coovadia has written, “the conditions for transcending the present are hardly to be conceived” (51). Copyright...

... shortcomings, the proliferation of speculative fiction that emerged out of the 1960s and 1970s drew attention to the present's failures to adequately address the projected problems humankind would have to face. One of the most pressing issues of the period was the threat of ecological collapse. Faced...

...” (40) and the creation of a “philosophical climate for the new ecology of the novel” (46). The rhetoric of providential teleology remains apparent, but its base is eroded. (Both run together, I would say, within the baggy apparatus whereby Hegel combines a manifest human—north European—destiny...

... of interest in social structures, or ecology, or world systems? Suggestive as they are, the anti-individualist claims that animate this book can feel like a gesture toward a big something-else that loses some of its force in remaining unspecified. Comparing Flat Protagonists with these and other...

.... If urban readers are made to share the vil- lage’s perception of space, then, it is also true that this space has been thoroughly gen- trified; as if Mitford had traveled forward in time, and discovered what city-dwellers will want to find in the countryside during a brief week-end visit.(39–42...

.... There are at least three reasons why this "flow" should be taken metaphori- cally as a stand-in for the social whole. First, the waterworks can be understood to reference civilization generally, and to reference the "Urban Revolution" (McClellan and Dorn 31) specifically. The first civic societies formed...

...” legitimizes its conservation in fiction while minimizing the impact of the numerous transformations it underwent in real life. Rather than being centered on an urban setting, such as the Lima of both Vargas Llosa's first novel and a subsequent one— Conversación en La Catedral ( 1969 ; translated...

... widespread disciplinary conviction that modernism is most profitably grasped in the context of the rise of urban-industrial modernity, inquiry has subsequently crossed over into several new regions. On the one hand, interrogations of the existing canon have made room for explorations of previously...

... between the narrator as a proxy of the metropole and the literary establishment, and the observed subjects as the community outside of but always refracting the self-consciousness of modernity: “Part of the imaginative labor [of Firs ] is to produce coastal Maine as antithesis of 1890s urban modernity...

... of European realism and its virtual populations—before turning to the figure of the animal to investigate Hardy's use of chance and probability in the construction of Wessex's symbolic ecology. I will argue that the figure of the animal helps articulate two parallel developments: the gradual erosion...

... Spaces.” Critical Inquiry 36 . 4 ( 2010 ): 728 – 70 . Kittler Friedrich A. Discourse Networks 1800 / 1900 Trans. Cullens Chris Metteer Michael . Stanford : Stanford UP , 1990 . Klimasmith Elizabeth . At Home in the City: Urban Domesticity in American Literature...

... that the fissure between the modern (or postmodern) and the "traditional" is indeed repaired in the space of Couto's narratives. Even if his fiction seeks to stage the ethical imperative to educate oneself to listen to and learn from "the original practical ecological phi- losophers of the world, through...

... and constantly expanding collection of mystery stories featuring a bewildering number of characters that rarely resurfaced outside one microplot. Dickens's urban sketches similarly featured abbreviated scenes and discrete vignettes published in newspapers as “little pictures of life and manners” ( Sketches 7...