...Elaine Freedgood Does the novelist, like the philosopher, need her “poor”? In this essay, Elizabeth Gaskell's Mary Barton is the test case for the idea that narrators (and, by extension, novelists) need their characters to be poor—intellectually, physically, spiritually—that narrators might remain...

.... "Unhuman Humanity": Bodies of the Urban Poor and the Collapse of Realist Legibility JOSEPH ENTIN 1. Realism, Legibility, and the Turn-of-the-Century City Recently, several scholars of late nineteenth-century urban fiction...

... with his or her social world. The essay examines a number of novels, including Herman Wouk's The Caine Mutiny (1951), James Michener's Hawaii (1959), Laura Z. Hobson's Gentleman's Agreement (1947), and Robert Ruark's Poor No More (1959). It focuses primarily on Patricia Highsmith's The Price of Salt (1952...

...Matthew Sussman For many readers, “stupidity” in Henry James signifies mental slowness, poor taste, or even moral delinquency. However, James also conceived of stupidity as a positive virtue because it promises to deliver the individual from the “ordeal of consciousness” associated...

... and again in nineteenth-century accounts of the houses of the poor like George Godwin's London Shadows , writers encourage their readers to step across thresholds, peer around corners, descend or ascend staircases (4). Framed as portals to unfamiliar worlds, these documents demand dynamic engagement. Look...

...FRANK CHRISTIANSON DAN BIVONA AND ROGER B. HENKLE, The Imagination of Class: Masculinity and the Victorian Urban Poor (Columbus: Ohio State UP, 2006), pp. 208, cloth, $39.95. Copyright © Novel Corp. 2007 2007 Poverty and the Man DAN BIVONA AND ROGER B. I...

... condition" of the poor is, at the same time, hardly unusual. Middle-class knowledge and ignorance regarding the working Trollope's suggestion that her readers are not unfamiliar with the deplorable conditions in factories accords with the coverage given them in regular write-ups of bluebook...

... . Vocation and Desire: George Eliot’s Heroines . London: Routledge, 1989 . Bayly , Mary . Ragged Homes, and How to Mend Them . Philadelphia: American Sunday School Union, 1859 . Bosanquet , Helen . Rich and Poor . London: Macmillan, 1896 . Brady , Kristin . George Eliot...

... and the powerful, and to despise, or, at least, to neglect persons of poor and mean condition, [which] though necessary both to establish and to maintain the distinction of ranks and the order of society, is, at the same time, the great and most universal cause of the corrtiption of our moral...

... and Poor Law Reform in Britain: From Chadwick to Booth, 1834–1914 . London: Longman, 1998 . Farish , William . The Autobiography of William Farish: The Struggles of a Hand Loom Weaver . 1889. London: Caliban Books, 1996 . Gagnier , Regenia . Subjectivities: A History of Self...

...Sam Alexander Mullen Patrick R. , The Poor Bugger's Tool: Irish Modernism, Queer Labor, and Postcolonial History . ( Oxford : Oxford UP , 2012 ), pp. 213 , cloth, $65.00 . © 2014 by Novel, Inc. 2014 Duke University Press Works Cited Cleary Joe . “Toward...

... . Defoe , Daniel . An Essay Upon Projects . 1697. Ed. Joyce D. Kennedy, Michael Seidel, and Maximillian E. Novak New York: AMS Press, 1999 . Defoe , Daniel . Giving Alms no charity and Employing the Poor . London, 1704 . Defoe , Daniel . Moll Flanders . 1722. Ed. Edward H. Kelly...

... of the Poor . London, 1828 . 31 –39. Richmond , Legh . “The Young Cottager.” Annals of the Poor . 203 –87. Rogers , Samuel . The Pleasures of Memory. The Pleasures of Memory with Other Poems . Paris: Baudry’s European Library, 1852 . v–95 . Rose , Jonathan . “Rereading...

... indistinction where sheep, dogs, and human beings overlap, co-influence, and sometimes even seem to merge. Gabriel’s elder dog George, for example, possesses a kind of gray pelt: “In substance it had originally been hair, but long contact with sheep seemed to be turning it by degrees into wool of a poor...

... required for circulation among the poor, they make no promise of freedom or social mobility but signify instead the subordination of their recipients as lower-class sinners or racial others in need of salvation. In fact, they represent the very opposite of the ‘‘bookish liberalism’’ enshrined...

... adventure interesting I had only to conceive his watching the same public show, the same innumerable appearances, I had watched myself, and of his watching very much as I had watched; save indeed for one little difference.” The difference, of course, is that Hyacinth is poor where James...

..., bureaucrats, and elite spokespersons—that imposed notions of civil- ity, decorum, and cultural authenticity onto the often less than cooperative poor. The point here is not so much to invalidate the need to improve the life chances of impoverished African Americans; rather, it is to keep in view...

... and photographers whose work challenges the tendency of established representational and aesthetic modes—including sentimentalism, 344 novel | summer 2010 realism, naturalism, documentary photography, and high modernism—to cast the poor as romanticized versions of the middle-class self...

... the possible effect of naturalizing the denial of interiority and attention to those who cannot afford to take eating for granted. For example, while Emma walks with Harriet and Mr. Elton, we briefly encounter the child of poor cottagers “setting out, according to orders, with her pitcher, to fetch...

... of sociopolitical changes brought about by the 1952 revolution and the rise of “Nasserism.” 4 The Gamal Abdel Nasser era of 1954–70 alleviated the burden of the poor and working class in both the city and the countryside through massive programs of wealth distribution, including land reform...