...Norman Bowen Nicholas Sarkozy.s campaign documents and speeches reveal more continuity than rupture with past French foreign policy. The US will welcome his support for missile defense and possible unilateral action outside of the UN. However, like previous French presidents, Sarkozy extolled...

...- laboration in the Mediterranean. France’s rapprochement with and complete reintegration into NATO during the Nicolas Sarkozy presidency led to diplo- matic and strategic cooperation among France, the United Kingdom, and the United States and later other allies in response to the rebel uprising against...

... between the European Commis- sion and the Mediterranean Action Plan secretariat, a joint work program is being developed.21 The Union for the Mediterranean: Environment at Center Stage On 6 May 2007, at his election night press conference, French president Nico- las Sarkozy unveiled his idea...

... (EMP, or the so-called Barcelona Process), particularly those published in the wake of its tenth anniversary in November 2005.1 In 2007 – 2008, the so-called Sarkozy Proposal for a Mediterranean Union led to renewed interest and controversy. Following the March 2008 Euro- pean Council meeting...

... states rather than its successor, the Union for the Mediterranean. The Octo- ber 2007 Tangier speech of President Nicholas Sarkozy was visionary enough to rouse enthusiasm and commitment for a change in this region where, as he put it, all will be decided. Clearly that speech was meant to be one...

... that there was a critical situation in Syria as well as in Libya and that the new 2008 French constitutional rules allowed for such a debate. But he quickly went on to criticize the periode de valse-­hésitations of the Nicolas Sarkozy govern- ment’s reactions to the Arab Spring (with a clear reference to Tunisia).34...

... the wrong signals to extremists in that country, as even Albanian president Sali Berisha has warned.20 Similarly, French president Nicholas Sarkozy’s recent rejection of any further EU enlargement in the aftermath of the failed Irish referendum on the Lisbon Treaty similarly sends the wrong signals...

... and Moscow Cheek by Jowl,” Asia Times Online, 16 August 2011; “Iran, Russia to Discuss Plan for Resuming Atomic Dialogue,” Global Security Newswire, 15 August 2011. 74. “Sarkozy: Iranian Nuclear Bid Could Provoke Attack,” www.defensenews.com, 1 September 2011; Nikolay Surkov, “Moscow Tries to Persuade...

... emasculating NATO and the OSCE. This plan was announced on 5 June 2008 by President Medvedev.20 For example, there is little doubt that the current signs of US weakness opened the way to President Sarkozy of France to strut on the international stage and unilater- ally proclaim that NATO would discuss...

... Nicolas Sarkozy stipu- lated that he would like it to be a mechanism that plays a unifying role in the Mediterranean similar to the one played by the United States in Europe after 1945. It is, however, worth noting that political will on its own will not be enough to influence geopolitical...

... sanctions.10 The Geneva Talks and Their Aftermath On 25 September 2009, a week before the Geneva meeting, President Obama, along with Britain’s prime minister Gordon Brown and France’s pres- ident Nicolas Sarkozy, made public the existence of another Iranian nuclear plant...

... for foreign investors. Erdogan also understands that the generals and the secu- larists really do not care about entering Europe and have, in fact, soured on the idea as the Europeans have made it clear that Turkish entry is receding rather than coming closer. The election of Nikolas Sarkozy as president...

... October 2005. Following French presi- dent Nikolas Sarkozy and German chancellor Angela Merkel’s stated opposition to Tur- key’s full membership, and the hostility of public opinion in many EU member states, EU-­Turkey relations deteriorated. However, Grigoriadis notes, the democratization...

... to the principle of secularism.” The liberal Europeanization of Turkey started losing steam after the start of the negotiations between Turkey and the EU on 3 October 2005. Following French presi- dent Nikolas Sarkozy and German chancellor Angela Merkel’s stated opposition to Tur- key’s full membership...

... October 2005. Following French presi- dent Nikolas Sarkozy and German chancellor Angela Merkel’s stated opposition to Tur- key’s full membership, and the hostility of public opinion in many EU member states, EU-­Turkey relations deteriorated. However, Grigoriadis notes, the democratization...

... efforts to reach a cease-fire. The British prime minister Gordon Brown, French presi- dent Nicolas Sarkozy, German chancellor Angela Merkel, Italian prime min- ister Silvio Berlusconi, Spanish prime minister José Luis Rodríguez Zap- atero, and Czech prime minister Mirek Topolanek, who held the EU’s...

... set off alarm bells in France. With a 10 percent Muslim popu- lation in France, French officials are concerned.33 Some fear a return to the GIA 1995 terror campaign characterized by Paris Metro bombings and an Air France hijacking. The election of Nicolas Sarkozy, with his conserva- tive stands...

... the 1992 Maastricht Treaty was meant as the celebration of liberal democracy over the implosion of the Soviet command-­economy model. In this essay I argue that the elections of Angela Merkel in Germany in 2005, Nicholas Sarkozy in France in 2007, and Silvio Berlusconi in Italy in 2008 completed...

..., Marcus Walker, “Inside Merkel’s Bet on the Euro’s Future,” Wall Street Journal, 24 April 2013, A1. Tziampiris: In the Shadow of a Long and Glorious Past  71 it also was made in the context of pressure emanating from US president Barack Obama, French president Nikolas Sarkozy...

... of the global bailout of financial institutions. European officials have signaled their intent to ban so-­called sovereign naked swaps, which Prime Minister Papandreou, Chancellor Merkel, Presi- dent Nicolas Sarkozy, and others blame as exacerbating Greece’s economic woes.40 Naked swaps are credit...