...Vesna Pusić In this essay, Croatia’s minister of foreign and European affairs outlines Croatia’s foreign policy directions as a member of the European Union. Mutual benefits to the EU and Croatia of the latter’s membership are outlined, with particular reference to issues in southeastern Europe...

...Aylin Unver Noi In this article, Turkey’s and the European Union’s foreign policy approaches to the Middle East and North Africa region are analyzed by focusing on “normative power” and “soft power” concepts, the historical relations among the countries of the region, and the projects developed...

... policy, demonstrating that, besides its pragmatic features, it reveals idealistic motives, especially since 1991. These motives issue from a rich nexus of historical, religious, and cultural bonds, resulting in support for essentially idealist legal norms and ethical values that defend the rights...

.... Since the early 2000s, however, Athens has developed a multidimensional policy toward the Black Sea region that deserves to be examined. This policy is based on a combination of hard and soft power resources, including economic might, military diplomacy, pipeline development, public diplomacy...

...Aristotle Tziampiris This essay presents the major factors that make up the framework in which Greek foreign policy operates and explores whether they have any connections to past centuries, especially to Antiquity. They include Greece’s consequential geographical location between East and West...

... of American lectures on human rights have all suffered. Stephen Blank is senior fellow at the American Foreign Policy Council, Washington, DC. Copyright 2015 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2015 Russia Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh Caucasus US Policy, Azerbaijan, and the Nagorno...

...Ahmet T. Kuru Why did Turkish policies toward Syria and Egypt in 2011–15 largely fail? At the individual level, the leadership of Recep Tayyip Erdogan was plagued by populism in the sense that he uses foreign policy issues for the sake of domestic party politics without pursuing long-term...

...Erkan Ertosun This essay seeks to explain the source and magnitude of change in Turkish foreign policy during Turgut Ozal's premiership. In doing so, it employs theoretical studies on foreign policy change and the role of the leader in such processes. The essay argues that Prime Minister Ozal...

...Ismini A. Lamb The scale of the migrant crisis took Europe by surprise in 2015, but 2016 promised to be far worse. Europe dithered on how to respond, confusing the demands of compassion with migrant relocation policy and failing to recognize Greece's inability to resolve the crisis independently...

...William H. Lewis; Burton M. Sapin The failures of process and judgment that help explain the war in Iraq are varied. Established patterns of policy making were overshadowed by mechanisms operating outside the formal system, notably by Vice President Richard Chaney. Also, an arrogant defense...

...Robert J. Pranger Robert J. Pranger is a private consultant with extensive experience in national security affairs. He was formerly associate/managing editor of Mediterranean Quarterly . Copyright 2008 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2008 American Foreign Policy after Iraq...

...Ivan Eland Ivan Eland is senior fellow at the Independent Institute and author of the books The Empire Has No Clothes: US Foreign Policy Exposed and Putting “Defense” Back into US Defense Policy . Copyright 2008 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2008 Back to the Future...

...Anton Grizold Anton Grizold is professor of sociology and dean of social sciences at the University of Ljubljana, Republic of Slovenia. He served as minister of defense from 2000 to 2004. Copyright 2008 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2008 Slovenia’s Defense Policy...

...Robert J. Pranger A new American president will now confront the extraordinary complexity of his country's foreign policy. Presidents, even without foreign affairs backgrounds, have already formed ideas about basic directions that the nation's international policies should take...

...Doug Bandow For the past decade, the United States has been promoting national transformation in the Balkans. In pushing the independence of Kosovo, Washington policy makers apparently believed that Serbia would acquiesce, most nations would recognize the newest independent state, and Russia would...

...Anthony N. Celso Elected on a platform of withdrawal from Iraq after the 3/11 train bombings, Spanish socialists sought early on to embark on an antiterrorist policy of negotiation and dialogue with disgruntled Arab and Basque communities. The socialists' early efforts at achieving a historic...

...Pamela Lesser Twenty-one countries share the Mediterranean's coastline with no single country responsible for its environmental deterioration or its protection. They are collectively responsible for both. Over four decades, the environmental dimension of Europe's policy toward its Mediterranean...

...Robert J. Pranger The Obama administration seems to have given considerable attention to the diplomatic idea of resetting various areas of US foreign policy. As Iran and Israel move toward possible war over regional hegemony with each other—a conflict that looms sooner rather than later—nuclear...

...Melissa McConnell Foreign policy capacity is defined as dynamic, information-based adaptation by nation-states in complex, ambiguous environments that involve their domestic systems as well as external variables. On questions of Bosnia and Kosovo, Serbia's policy capacity is weakened by lack...

...Laman Tasch The absence of a universally accepted definition of minority and standardized mechanisms for minority protection presents challenges during the European Union (EU) accession process. The differences between definitions used by European policy makers and those used in candidate countries...