... in the international sphere. The Mediterranean dimension illustrates the strengths and the weaknesses of such activities. Parliament of Catalonia foreign action substate government Copyright 2016 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2016 Francesc Serra is senior lecturer in international relations...

... in Turkish foreign policy. Some conservative and dogmatic considerations of limits in political life have been typical obstacles to change. When politicians address the obstacles, they threaten many economic and political interests. A radically different, recent approach in Turkey promotes political action...

... uncritical blaming of the United States for almost every foreign policy mishap of the past half century have to be analyzed and understood. At the very least, such approaches may be psychologically soothing to many citizens. The need for compensatory actions also explains diplomatic episodes...

...Norman Bowen Nicholas Sarkozy.s campaign documents and speeches reveal more continuity than rupture with past French foreign policy. The US will welcome his support for missile defense and possible unilateral action outside of the UN. However, like previous French presidents, Sarkozy extolled...

.... Operationally, since the signing of the Maastricht Treaty (1992) and the Treaty of Lisbon (2007), coherence in the field of foreign action is to be sought by member states within the Council of the EU and guaranteed by the European Commission (EC), the High Repre- sentative/Vice-­President (HR/VP...

... much clearer. . . . In those circumstances it seems to me there is at least a case to be made that an “in-and-out action” by a foreign state is lawful, and does not in any real sense infringe the territorial sovereignty or political independence of the state. (I appreciate that any brief...

... into consideration the domestic environment of a state in which its parlia- ment operates (capabilities) and also the foreign environment (for instance within IPIs), as this environment reacts to the presence of the parliament and enables or prevents national parliamentary action. The international...

... Foreign Policy Discourse Norman Bowen French offi cials portray resistance to unilateral American military action in Iraq as stemming from French allegiance to collective security authorized by the United Nations Security Council on the basis of the UN Charter...

... a number of fundamental questions. While differing perceptions are inevitable, the substance and style of the administration’s policies and actions in the broad foreign policy– national security realm can be characterized in the following terms: largely unilateralist in its preferred approach...

... available by the publisher. It may not be redistributed or altered. All rights reserved. Iraq in the Context of Post-Soviet Foreign Policy Nikolai Zlobin The relationship between Moscow and Baghdad, like Russia’s foreign-policy relationships throughout the Persian Gulf...

... of foreign occupation in Cyprus after the military intervention of Turkey in 1974.12 The question remains: Why can’t the United Nations take enforcement action, especially in cases as sensitive as Cyprus? The answer may be found in the composition of the UN, which is neither a world government nor...

... action.11 For example, at the height of the crisis of September – October 2006, EU foreign policy supremo Javier Solana conceded that Kosovo might actu- ally set a precedent for the region, enabling Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Transnistria to declare their independence after Kosovo did...

...Ted Galen Carpenter Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2005 This content is made freely available by the publisher. It may not be redistributed or altered. All rights reserved. Ted Galen Carpenter is vice president for defense and foreign policy at theCato Institute and is the author or editor...

... trillion in 2005, making it the world’s fourth-largest economy.1 Its growth has been helped by strong exports and a heavy inflow of foreign investment. Its growing weight in the world economy has given Beijing a new clout in the international arena and has suddenly bestowed upon it the potential...

... to rely on other jihadist groups and disaffected Western Muslims to take terrorist actions. A notion popularized by Marc Sageman’s work, homegrown terrorism is now a concern for many Western security analysts.1 Sageman offers a database and a “scientific methodology” that claims that the 2004...

... country, regardless under what pretext this military action was done, is impossi- ble and unacceptable for the modern world.” See Georgy L. Muradov, Russia-­Cyprus: Our Common Way (Nicosia: M. S. Satellite, 2000), 171. Similarly, Russian Foreign Ministry spokesman Andrey Nesterenko declared...

... of the European Communities under contract with the Euro-Mediterranean Study Commission Foreign Policy Institutes Network. The views expressed herein are those of the author and in no way reflect the official opinion of the commission. MQ 11.2-06.Calleya.cs 4/10/00 11:40 AM Page 78...

... of the proponents of a more open society. The tragic conse- quences of American wars, however, are rarely confined to repression of peo- ple in foreign countries. When trying to “liberate” faraway foreign lands, the U.S. government often ends up oppressing its citizens at home. The War on Terrorism...

... and disbelief, Pyrros details that in the absence of official action concerned individuals took the lead to salvage what could be salvaged. He writes: Here is Nick [sic] Stavrou, a college professor, calling the Cypriot UN ambassador and telling him what to do, muscling him verbally...

... details that in the absence of official action concerned individuals took the lead to salvage what could be salvaged. He writes: Here is Nick [sic] Stavrou, a college professor, calling the Cypriot UN ambassador and telling him what to do, muscling him verbally. And there is a Cypriot...