...Spyridon N. Litsas Since 2010 Greece has been between a rock and a hard place. In particular, since May 2010 the so-called troika (European Commission, International Monetary Fund, and European Central Bank) has provided financial support to Greece through an economic adjustment program while...

... enthusiasm of Britain, whose age-­old policy of “divide and rule” had served its foreign interest for decades. While the economic problems of this small island economy in the eastern Mediterranean have paralleled its rollercoaster political problems, until the present banking and sovereign debt crisis...

... was painfully shattered, as beginning in the third quarter of 2008, country after country began to scramble to prevent a fast-­moving credit crisis from bring- ing down major banks, wrecking financial markets, and negatively impact- ing national economies.4 Even Russia, the country deemed to be decoupled...

... of the agricultural- rich south, populated by French-speaking Christian or animist farmers. Chad drew occasional media attention in the World Bank’s annual reports listing the poorest countries of the world, where Chad regularly ranks fifth. Its extreme poverty is evident from the fact that 80 percent of its...

... slowly and was becoming too costly. Subsequently, Chevron and Petronas indicated an intention to buy the shares in the consortium held by Shell and ELF. This essay examines the roles played by the governments of Chad and Cameroon, the World Bank, the oil...

... was only slowly increas- ing, subject to the limitations of the gold-­producing fields, it was the dollar that was in fact the anchor of the system. The pressure was accentuated in the London market, where central banks could sell gold at a rate higher than the $35 per ounce they had bought...

... the movement’s intended strategy may be, its actual strategy involves violence against non- combatant, civilian targets in Israel and in territory occupied or adminis- tered by Israel. This is the strategy that is being executed in the streets of the West Bank, Gaza, and Israel itself. Despite...

...,” New York Times, 9 July 2013, www.nytimes.com/2013/07/10/world/europe/currency-­controls-­in-­cyprus -increase-­ worry-­ about-­ euro-­ system.html.­ Clarke: Cyprus: The Mouse That May Yet Roar  99 real terms, diminishing. Banks have stopped making loans available...

.... The World Bank, in something of an understatement, noted that “sustainable development is a multifaceted process, involving multiple instruments and goals.”3 Extraordinarily com- plex, with a multitude of actors, the development environment in Afghanistan stands on the cusp of crossing a number...

... as a high priority only to abandon hope of reform as various groups rebel to protect their turfs.15 Even as most Greeks 13. Kerin Hope, “Papandreou Walks Tightrope as Endgame Approaches,” Financial Times, 4 March 2010, 2. 14. In a television interview, George Provopoulos, governor of the Bank...

...: Turkey’s Relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council  69 ties, especially the increase in construction on the part of Turkish companies and the growth of investment in Turkey’s real estate, banking, and telecom- munication industries by gulf country investors or by companies controlled by GCC...

..., bankers, and industrialists in the Karatzas Auditorium deep inside the fortress-­like National Bank of Greece in Athens.1 The high-­net-­worth audience was composed mostly of septuagenarians from the very establishment whose failed policies and decisions had led Greece to the brink of collapse...

..., and Iran as well as to increase its participation in the economic rehabilitation of Gaza and the West Bank, the rebuilding of Iraq, and the supplying of the US and coalition occupation forces in that country. While visiting Toronto on 15 May 2006, Shimon Peres, the former prime minister of Israel...

... — the troika of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), European Union, and Central European Bank (CEB) — have to take under consideration an entirely different set of variables, central among them the globalization of banking and profit making. Can anybody seriously argue that today’s Greek financial...

..., unequal distribution of income, and the absence of good governance and democracy. Economic Liberalization for the Benefit of a Few Macroeconomic reforms, under the auspices of the World Bank and the Inter- national Monetary Fund (IMF), have been implemented in the Arab world since...

... by the involvement of Arafat’s al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade in terrorist operations against Israeli civilians, Bush’s disengagement from the PLA ends a nine-year effort (starting with the historic Oslo Accord) to sanc- tify and consolidate Arafat’s rule in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Bush’s call for new...

... as between Israel and its neighbors,”1 as State Department spokesman Robert Wood said. This is a heavy agenda for a new president to undertake at the beginning of his presidency, especially when he is already busy dealing with a severe US economic recession triggered by the near collapse of the banking...

... partition resolution never came into existence because Jordan (then Transjordan) occupied the West Bank area in 1948 and then made it part of the renamed state of Jordan; (2) when the Arab states that had attacked the newly created state of Israel in 1948 entered armistice agreements in 1949...

... Nations’ 1947 partition resolution never came into existence because Jordan (then Transjordan) occupied the West Bank area in 1948 and then made it part of the renamed state of Jordan; (2) when the Arab states that had attacked the newly created state of Israel in 1948 entered armistice agreements...

... over two highly relevant facts: (1) the Palestinian Arab state visualized by the United Nations’ 1947 partition resolution never came into existence because Jordan (then Transjordan) occupied the West Bank area in 1948 and then made it part of the renamed state of Jordan; (2) when the Arab...