... the historical roots of the current confessional-political conflict. Second, it provides an overview of the Muslim Brotherhood – led 1979 – 82 rebellion and its defeat in Hama. Third, it discusses the role that the Muslim Brotherhood revolt plays in the current conflict. Fourth, it analyzes jihadist infighting...

... an overwhelming victory in the first parliamentary elections since the overthrow of Hosni Mubarak. The Muslim Brotherhood won the biggest share with the hard-line Salafist al Nour Party of Light. The youth groups that staged the demonstrations that toppled Mubarak took only seven seats. What are the implications...

... the Mus- lim Brotherhood. Mussolini had seized power six years earlier. And Hitler was to take power fi ve years later. The founders of the Muslim Brotherhood believed that the Islamic countries should emulate what they considered to be these vital new forces, the wave of the future, rather than...

.... The Obama administration wanted the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces to transfer power to an elected government sooner rather than later. Given the Muslim Brotherhood’s organizational 34  Mediterranean Quarterly: Summer 2014 capability and history, Mohammad Morsi won the presidency. Washington...

... movement, an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood led for more than three decades by exiled leader Rashid Ghannouchi. By the time elections were held in 2012, Ennahda was well positioned to win the majority seats in parliament. The demonstrators who began the protests in Cairo’s Tahrir Square...

... in Egypt. He even claimed that “the bal- lot boxes will be empowered in March [2014 municipal elections in Turkey] with the spirit of martyr Asma who was the symbol of the Egyptian Revo- lution.”16 This rhetoric may have motivated his constituency, but it did not help the Muslim Brotherhood in any...

... institution of 150,000 students. Anwar Sadat was then president of Egypt. With twelve graduate student assistants, she was asked to reorganize the education of teachers in Egypt. The assassination of Sadat by a member of the Muslim Brotherhood in 1981, however, froze change in Egypt. In 1983 Cochran...

... was then president of Egypt. With twelve graduate student assistants, she was asked to reorganize the education of teachers in Egypt. The assassination of Sadat by a member of the Muslim Brotherhood in 1981, however, froze change in Egypt. In 1983 Cochran returned to the University of North Texas where...

..., the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, and Pakistan’s Mawdudi, the founder of the Islamic Society, blamed societal ills and decline on European imperialism and Westernized elites. They were critical of the modernizing strategy, which tended “to Westernize Islam, to recast Islam in light of Western...

..., Mawlana Mawdudi, and Sayyid al Qutb, whom he considers to have inspired many activists and terrorists throughout the Mus- lim world since the dawn of the twentieth century. Egypt’s al Banna, the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, and Pakistan’s Mawdudi, the founder of the Islamic Society, blamed...

..., the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, and Pakistan’s Mawdudi, the founder of the Islamic Society, blamed societal ills and decline on European imperialism and Westernized elites. They were critical of the modernizing strategy, which tended “to Westernize Islam, to recast Islam in light of Western...

... Turkey and Iran. Iran fears losing its only Arab ally, Syria, which also gives Iran direct access to Hezbollah and Lebanon. The fall of the Assad regime could lead to the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood — a Sunni-­ based movement that opposed the Alawite Assad family — which would mean that Syria...

... circle of corrup- tion. Antiregime opposition groups began to organize their resources with the objective of toppling the regime. A major political group that challenged the Baath leadership was the Muslim Brotherhood, a fundamentalist reli- gious organization that agitated for establishment...

... context to the current civil war in Syria and looks at how it is influenced by previous conflicts in the region and groups such as Hamas and the Muslim Brotherhood. It is followed by Spyri- don Pla­koudas’s essay “The Syrian Kurds and the Democratic Union Party: The Outsider in the Syrian War...

.... Islamism’s Many Violent Faces: Nationalist, Internationalist, and Regional Jihadist Networks It is well recognized that modern Islamism’s ideological and organizational roots lie with Hassan al Banna’s Muslim Brotherhood and the ideas of its most preeminent theorist, Sayyid Qutb.3 Formed...

... organizational basis in the form of the Muslim Brotherhood, which was originally an Egyptian creation but today has what amounts to franchises, albeit under different names, in sev- eral Arab countries. There is nothing resembling these transnational move- ments as an organizational carrier for the ideas...

... Union in 1961 was no doubt a severe dis- appointment for the government of Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt, which had hoped to cooperate with left-­wing forces in Syria.6 The ruling elite was quick Theory and the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood,” Sociological Quarterly 42, no. 4 (2001); Jordi Tejel...

... is dominated by Sun- nis, and in particular by the Syrian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood, a staunchly Islamist faction.1 The bitter sectarian divisions in Syria make the situation especially vola- tile. Alawites make up some 140,000 of the approximately 200,000 career soldiers in Assad’s military...

... as the Egyptian Arab Socialist Organization. The country’s main political forces, the Wafd, the Muslim Brotherhood, the Nasserites, and the commu- nists, were not however, represented. When President Hosni Mubarak assumed the presidency after President Sadat’s assassination, the country was facing...

... and other members of his Muslim Brotherhood attempted to revolt against Nimeiri in 1970. Nimeiri crushed the rebellion, and the surviving leaders fled and set up training camps in Libya, where Sadiq al-Mahdi was in exile. In 1976 the rebellion again attempted to overtake the government...