...Erik Reichborn-Kjennerud This essay analyzes how the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is likely to address the new security environment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It investigates how factors internal and external to the alliance shape the possibilities and limits...

...Michail Ploumis; Labros E. Pilalis Five years after the Arab uprisings in 2011, countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) had difficulties finding their pathway to sustainable economic and political change. Arab oil-producing countries suffered from decreasing oil prices while the Arab...

...Lukáš Tichý This essay focuses on the global terrorist and militant group the Islamic State (IS), specifically on its use of terrorism targeting the energy sector as a strategic political instrument in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in 2014–16. The essay has two main thrusts. First...

...? Aylin Unver Noi Turkey’s increasing involvement in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and its foreign policy approach based on a “zero problem with neighbors” concept along with its “soft power” has led to the emergence of a new and independent Turkish foreign policy. As a part of its...

... for democratization have spread from Tunisia to Egypt and the region continues to be volatile. In fact, for a more comprehensive under- standing of the Arab Spring, we need to posit it into the broader Afro-­Arabic contexts, particularly Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It would lead us to comprehend...

... previously held positions at the Stimson Center, Georgetown University, Georgia Tech Research Institute, and the Robert Bosch Foundation. Copyright 2016 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2016 Mediterranean demographics MENA population The Mediterranean’s Future in an Age of Uncertainty...

... as Ankara, Ramallah, Nablus, Jenin, the West Bank, Jerusalem won as much as Diyarbakir.”1 Western media also appeared to support Erdogan’s role as a potential power broker in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). On 28 November 2011, the international editions of Time magazine featured Erdo- gan’s...

.... The final essay in this issue is by Michail Ploumis and Labros E. Pilalis. “A New Deal for the Middle East and North Africa” is a call to arms in the aftermath of the 2011 Arab uprisings in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), which to many held so much promise yet did not fulfill high expec...

.... Since the decolonization of the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) states in the late 1940s and early fifties, the peoples and leaders of this region have seen radical and significant changes in their political life and culture. In the midst of this change...

... by Sulayman Nyang. Since the decolonization of the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) states in the late 1940s and early fifties, the peoples and leaders of this region have seen radical and significant changes in their political life and culture...

... in the Middle East–North Afri- can (MENA) region has grown in recent years, it still averages 15 percent lower than in high growth areas, such as East Asia. 15. Anthony H. Cordesman, Beyond Anger and Counterterrorism: A New Grand Strategy for US and Arab Relations (Washington, DC: Center...

... of many countries to the issue of food security, espe- cially in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region that has heavily depended on food imports. Since the early 1970s, there has been a steady 3. “Rome Declaration of World Food Security and World Food Summit Plan of Action” (Rome: FAO...

... at Warsaw Pact countries during the Cold War was perceived as integral to the eventual collapse of dictatorship in Eastern Europe, . . . MEPs took for granted that the MENA [Middle East and North Africa] region would also require exter- 8. Reinprecht and Levin, 9. See also the empathy for the new...

... of Global Trade,” IISS Voices, the Institute for International and Strategic Studies, 13 September 2013. Zhao: “March Westwards”  105 changes to the strategic landscape in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The region suffered from both endless domestic...

... Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi (AKP, in English the Justice and Development Party) has been looked on as a model by many of the democratizing forces in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and elsewhere in the Muslim world. This has been true especially since the Arab uprisings that rocked MENA...

... MENA Mediterranean Sea China’s Debate on the Middle East and North Africa: A Critical Review Enrico Fardella The German philosopher Georg W. F. Hegel described the Mediterranean as the dynamic epicenter of centrifugal forces that connect Europe, Africa, and Asia: “For three...

... initiatives, as well as the MENA initiative of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). The G8 summit at Gleneagles (6 – 8 July 2005) adopted a specific declaration of support to the initiative. The EU has also set in motion an internal procedure aimed at improving the instruments...

... Lesser: Policy toward Algeria after a Decade of Isolation 13 tiatives toward the region, including the Eisenstadt Initiative and the MENA (Middle East, North Africa) summits, have been modest and do not compete with European approaches in any tangible sense...

...: International, 1971), 276. 2. The term Middle East is used in this essay to denote the region that extends from Morocco in the West to Iran in the East, including both the Middle Eastern and the Maghreb countries. This region is often referred to as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) or the West Asia...

...), “Country Brief: Iran,” updated 19 June 2015, www .eia.gov/beta/international/country.cfm?iso=IRN. 6. World Bank, “Economic Implications of Lifting Sanctions on Iran,” MENA Quarterly Eco- nomic Brief no. 5 (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2015), documents.worldbank.org/curated /en/575391468187800406...