...Jonathan M. Kerman; Kathryn L. Wood Iran’s historical flirtation with democracy has been one of thwarted desires. The 1906 Constitutional Revolution introduced the concepts of liberal democracy to Iranian society, but success was limited by the lack of support from the ulama (clergy). After decades...

...Gawdat Bahgat The sharp drop in oil prices since June 2014 has drastically altered the global energy landscape. This essay examines the growing energy cooperation between Iran and Turkey and the strategic and economic implications for Europe. It argues that the emerging energy partnership between...

...Gawdat Bahgat This essay examines the relations between the United States and Iran under the Donald Trump Administration. It finds that, rhetoric aside, less tense and less confrontational ties between these nations may be possible. A key reason for this possibility is that the Republic of Iran...

...Ted Galen Carpenter Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2007 Ted Galen Carpenter is vice president for defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute. Toward a Grand Bargain with Iran Ted Galen Carpenter Iran would be at or near the top of a list...

... Associates, a security consulting firm located in McLean, Virginia. Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2007 The Iran Conundrum Vincent Cannistraro As the American war in Iraq has steadily deteriorated and sectarian violence has worsened, the Bush...

...Kenneth B. Moss The planned deployment of ballistic missile defense systems in Poland and a radar system in the Czech Republic to defend against possible attack from Iran has stirred strong opposition from Moscow. Concern about Iran's nuclear-enrichment program is legitimate, but the United States...

...Robert J. Pranger The Obama administration seems to have given considerable attention to the diplomatic idea of resetting various areas of US foreign policy. As Iran and Israel move toward possible war over regional hegemony with each other—a conflict that looms sooner rather than later—nuclear...

...Philip Giraldi Despite more than thirty years of trying to collect significant information, the United States intelligence community is not well informed on many important questions relating to Iran. Decision-making by the Iranian government as well as its political alignments, capabilities...

...Philip Giraldi Washington is confronted by a number of policy issues relating to Iran, most prominently Tehran's nuclear program and the country's role in the region. There is no good US policy fix for dealing with the situation, but the regular invocation by Washington of a military option...

...Mohamed El-Khawas Obama's diplomacy had early success with Iran's agreement in October 2009 to ship most of its low-enriched uranium abroad in exchange for fuel rods for its medical research reactor. This agreement did not last, however, in the face of strong domestic US opposition and the Western...

.... Copyright 2011 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2011 The “Omnibalancing” Proposition and Baghdad’s Foreign Policy: Reinterpreting Contemporary Iraq-­Iran-­US Relations Jason E. Strakes The present analysis draws from the recent academic...

...Robert J. Pranger Ali Shakoori: The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran . New York and Hampshire, UK: Palgrave, 2001. 217 pages. ISBN 0-333-77613-5. $65. Robert J. Pranger is a private consultant specializing in the management of international resources. He was formerly...

...Kenneth Katzman Maziar Behrooz: Rebels with a Cause: The Failure of the Left in Iran . London: I. B. Tauris, 2001. 368 pages. ISBN 964-311-263-2.$12. Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2002 Kenneth Katzman is a foreign policy analyst at the Congressional Research Service. MQ 13.4-09...

...James A. Bill 2006 James A. Bill is professor emeritus of government at the College of William and Mary. The Cultural Underpinnings of Politics: Iran and the United States James A. Bill Ever since Shah Ismail Safavid marched...

...Robert Olson Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2006 Robert Olson is professor of Middle East Politics at the University of Kentucky. Relations among Turkey, Iraq, Kurdistan-Iraq, the Wider Middle East, and Iran Robert Olson In this essay, I...

...Mohamed A. El-Khawas 2005 Mohamed A. El-Khawas is professor of history and political science at the University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC. He is the author of several books and numerous articles on the Middle East. Iran’s Nuclear Controversy...

...Gawdat Bahgat Since the early 2000s Iran's nuclear program has been a major focus of international and regional policy. Many policy makers and scholars have expressed their concern that if Iran “goes nuclear” other Middle Eastern countries, particularly Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey, will follow...

...Stephen Blank The Obama administration touts the reset policy with Russia as one of its signal achievements in foreign policy. One of the key elements of its argument is Russia’s help with Iran. Upon closer inspection it appears, however, that this support is tenuous and limited. Indeed, we may...

...Philip Giraldi Iran poses two fundamental challenges to the United States. First is its alleged program to develop a nuclear weapon, which is currently being negotiated and which might be managed and contained through concerted international action. Second, and more threatening in the long term...

... in certain issues while [they] remain suspicious of each other in others.”4 On 20 April 2006, when Hu met Bush at the White House, they spent most of their time discussing the bilateral trade deficit and the Iranian and North Korean nuclear crises. Bush has repeatedly called both Iran and North...