...Altay Atlı The Middle East is going through a period of profound change in the wake of the Arab Spring, and there are several dynamics and actors shaping the contours of the change. China is one of the relatively new actors on this stage, actively engaging the Middle East both economically...

... MENA Mediterranean Sea China’s Debate on the Middle East and North Africa: A Critical Review Enrico Fardella The German philosopher Georg W. F. Hegel described the Mediterranean as the dynamic epicenter of centrifugal forces that connect Europe, Africa, and Asia: “For three...

...Yitzhak Shichor Although studies on China’s Middle East policy frequently separate Israel from the rest of the region, Beijing has always been aware of regional contradictions and tried to navigate between the two sides it perceived as interconnected. China’s attempts to adopt a balanced...

... Copyright 2009 by Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 32  Mediterranean Quarterly: Winter 2009 to deal with threats to the security of the United States and its European allies from the Middle East not only has repercussions in US relations with Europe and Iran but also with Russia and China. By choice...

... are suspicious of China’s strategic intentions and addressing China’s own knowledge and capacity deficits in dealing with the governmental and nongovernmental actors in the Central Asia, South Asia, and Middle East regions. Minghao Zhao is a research fellow at the Charhar Institute, a Chinese international...

... State preserve the nation-state concept in their politics. A new, postrevolutionary Middle East equilibrium is forming, with multinational states decomposing into more homogeneous subunits (similar to the 1990s’ former Soviet bloc), while monarchies and mostly single-ethnic states survived. The trend...

... powers, including China and Russia, will have to explore some form of engagement if for no other reason than to reduce the ever-present possibility of a nuclear con- frontation. A Peace Process in Stalemate As to the Middle East policy and the Persian Gulf, peace and stability...

... to a more stable Middle East. It might well have the opposite effect. The Syrian Conflict and the Surge of Great Power Tensions The Syrian civil war also has potential negative global implications. It already has had a corrosive effect on the West’s relations with both Russia and China...

... East,” Policy Focus 109 (April 2011), www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-­analysis/view/the-­new-­silk -road-­ chinas-­ energy-­ strategy-­ in-­ the-­ greater-­ middle-­ east.­ 15. Huliaras and Petropoulos, 8. 16. Ibid., 9. 17. Embassy of Greece in China, 2. 18. Huliaras and Petropoulos...

... administration argues that it is in China’s interest to stop nuclear proliferation in the Middle East. In its view, Iran’s nuclear program could disrupt the balance of power in the region, destabilize oil-producing coun- tries, threaten global security, and undermine international efforts to prevent...

... and China, is not a solution either. Oil as such is not the main reason behind the US invasion of Iraq and the general US policy in the greater Middle East. A number of analysts dealing with the Middle East and Iraq tend to brush aside the fact that the United States does not import most of its...

... Bishku: Albania and the Middle East  89 Although it does not seem apparent in the above quote, Hoxha also regarded the People’s Republic of China as working together with the United States, especially after the two countries engaged in rapprochement begin- ning in the early 1970s. While...

... is a population imbalance between countries to the basin’s north and those to its south and southeast.3 Here the key demo- graphic driver is the relative youthfulness of the populations of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and sub-­Saharan Africa (SSA) compared to the relatively older populations...

... advisor to Turkey's President Turgut Ozal on foreign policy issues. Graham E. Fuller is a resident senior consultant at RAND in Washington and a former vice chairman of the National Intelligence Council at the Central Intelligence Agency. He has written extensively on the geopolitics of the Middle East...

... The tendency inherent in Dugin’s conception of Eurasianism to differentiate between the United States and its allies in the West, and China and India in the East, has the potential to embroil Russia in conflict erupting on two fronts.9 According to Andrei Tsygankov, neo-­Eurasianism tends to promote...

... speaking, free from such restraints. In addition, geographi- cal proximity suggests that Brussels’s interest in engagement with Iran goes beyond the nuclear field. Iran is a major player in the EU’s backyard — the Middle East. Thus, in the aftermath of the July 2015 nuclear agreement, US...

... to be intransigent. Being an emerging market, China sees a secure and stable East Asian region invaluable for its economy, and so it would brook no instability in the region. Moreover, there are likely to be major disagreements among these major countries over how to reverse the instability in the region...

...Bülent Aras Mediterranean Affairs, Inc. 2002 Bülent Aras is assistant professor of international relations at Fatih University, Istanbul. The Caspian Region and Middle East Security Bülent Aras Recent discussions on Middle Eastern security have...

... Russia and China are vehemently opposed to U.S. development of NMD/ TMD; both have minced no words that such a decision will only trigger a nuclear arms race in Europe and East Asia, since these defensive systems will negatively affect the extant nuclear...

.... The landlocked region is flanked by the volatile Middle East to the west, Russia to the north, China to the east, and the Indian subcontinent to the south. As a result of its geographical location, the region has collected many diverse ethnic, religious, and cultural influences over the centuries. Despite its...