... of agricultural involution in nineteenth century Java with my own work on Pampanga Province, Philippines, provides some first steps towards a theory of rural change. Specifically, a modern cash crop economy produces more sophisticated contractual relations between tenants and landowners regardless of changes...

... Edgar Wickberg's pioneering work, The Chinese in Philippine Life (New Haven, 1965), Larkin's study traces the origins of the modern export industry to the eighteenth century when Chinese mestizo middlemen stimulated sugar-cane cultivation in the Central Luzon region, particularly in Pampanga Province...

.... In the present volume Larkin turns to a consideration of the causes of the subsequent breakdown of class harmony in Pampanga during the early decades of the American period. Larkin develops the main lineaments of his dissertation in chapters two through four. The nature of pre-Hispanic society in Pampanga...

... the origins of the modern export industry to the eighteenth century when Chinese mestizo middlemen stimulated sugar-cane cultivation in the Central Luzon region, particularly in Pampanga Province. In the mid-nineteenth century, moreover, rising global demand for sugar sparked a sudden expansion in Philippine...

... flourished in Pampanga during the late twenties. Openly dedicated to resisting tenant “encroachments,” its by-laws included a declaration that “members … should not accept as tenants those who have deserted another member of the association without reasonable cause.” Macaraig Serafin E. , Social...

... commercialization of the world economy. (307) In a final brief chapter, Larkin reviews the subsequent widening of the rift in the social fabric whereby Pampanga, once a bastion of conservatism, has become the center of Philippine radicalism. The socio-economic milieu of colonial society in Pampanga is impressively...

... on their municipalities' power structures. On page 154 he comments that such analysis of municipal officeholders depends on "the unearthing from the archives of complete . . . lists, such as have been found for some towns of Pampanga. . . ." I do not know how Larkin in his study on Pampanga compiled his lists, but my own...

... numerous folk and mountain peoples in the Philippines. He spent more than six years of cave and open-site archaeology in Albay, Batangas, Palawan, Pampanga, Sorsogon, and numerous brief periods of exploration in other areas. Fox was a fellow of the American Anthropological Association; member of the Far...

... and probably purest in type, occupies the Zambales mountain range embracing the larger part of the mountainous portions of the provinces of Bataan, Zambales, Pampanga and Tarlac. This Zambales group, numbering about 6,000 souls, is somewhat farther advanced in civilization than are the Negritos of other parts...

... of liberalism acquired from you [Theodore Roosevelt Jr., Murphy's predecessor].” Hester to Roosevelt, Sept. 8, 1936, T. Roosevelt Jr. papers, Library of Congress. 46 The figures upon which the foregoing remarks are based come from Dalton, p. 239. 47 One illiterate family in Pampanga, members...

... numerous folk and mountain peoples in the Philippines. He spent more than six years of cave and open-site archaeology in Albay, Batangas, Palawan, Pampanga, Sorsogon, and numerous brief periods of exploration in other areas. Fox was a fellow of the American Anthropological Association; member of the Far...

... province depends upon the province. In the case of Batanes the deep blue sea covering most of the two pages is dotted with a few yellow patches, for islands, on which almost nothing is shown; Batanes has few towns, roads, or famous mountains. Pampanga Province, on the other hand, is fairly thickly strewn...

...-page map spread of each province depends upon the province. In the case of Batanes the deep blue sea covering most of the two pages is dotted with a few yellow patches, for islands, on which almost nothing is shown; Batanes has few towns, roads, or famous mountains. Pampanga Province, on the other hand...

... Clark Air Base in Pampanga. Most were at least mildly sympathetic with Philippine nationalism and understood its roots in the history of the unequal relationship that had benefited them, yet they mourned loss of the perks that the bases represented for resident Americans. The compiler is intrigued...

... in Central Java and Pampanga in the late nineteenth century ("The Inscrutable and the Paranoid: An Investigation into the Sources of the Brotodiningrat Affair," by Onghokham, and "The Capampangan Zarzuela: Theater for a Provincial Elite," by John A. Larkin); to the effects of the removal in 1942 of a British...

... bases in 1992 brought a symbolic end to the unique Philippine-American relationship as it had been experienced by the informants. Most were already convinced of the need for the closure of the bases well before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo destroyed Clark Air Base in Pampanga. Most were at least mildly...

... la Isla de Negros: 1565 1898 (Madrid, 1974). John A. Larkin, who earlier wrote a distinguished study of Pampanga, is now addressing himself to the history of Negros. Donn V. Hart, who has conducted field research periodically and published extensively on the island and its people, carries his work...

..., "The Evolution of Pampanga Society: A Case Study of Social and Economic Change in the Rural Philippines," Lachica offers a clear picture of the consequences of early commercialization, the impact of the switch from subsistence to market production, on land tenure, elite mobility and elite-mass relations...

... "falls out." Soon we crossed the provincial boundary between Bataan and Pampanga, and were on the road towards Lubao. There were no trees along the road, and sun beat down mercilessly on our heads. . . . By about 3 pm, I felt myself feverish, and started to feel somewhat delirious. I began to weaken...

... 1960s that were concentrated mainly in the Pampanga-Tarlac area. Since most of the questions in the survey about the "Huks" are phrased in the past tense and since the interviewers apparently made no clarifications, how can the authors know that all respondents were thinking about the contemporary "Huks...