... is fundamentally a medical one because it interrogates the body’s humoral composition and how that composition is changed — and the body literally remade — as a result of external influences. In spite of these shared thematic and medical aspects, comparative approaches to these masterpieces by the chief anatomist...

...Felipe Pereda Francisco de Goya's extraordinary portrait The Family of Charles IV (1800) was received with bewilderment by some of its first viewers. French visitors to the Prado Museum thought it was a disrespectful, if not humorous, depiction of the members of the royal family, and the portrait...

... issue analyze a number of issues of particular importance to the current study of premodern medicine. These include the uses and misrepresentations of long-standing paradigms for the interpretation of disease, such as the theory of humoralism, as well as the Hippocratic Airs, Waters, and Places...

... notions of qi? To understand this strange forgetfulness about the Western past, we must linger on a defining feature of traditional humoralism, often slighted in modern synopses: the haunting fear of excrement. © 2008 by Duke University Press 2008...

... consisted of more than sexual intromission or inhibiting anxiety, and visual metaphors presented manliness in ways that were often humorous, usually public, and always assertive. Duke University Press 2009 a Manliness and the Visual...

... 1995 so carefully curates. © 2017 by Duke University Press 2017 British Library MS Egerton 1995 Tale of Ryght Nought concept of nothingness humor material gain and loss • • Nothing Was Funny...

..., and in general those by lay people, describe how the diseased body feels rather than speculate about which disease is causing the suffering. They are thus much closer to the classical vision of health and illness as humoral balance and imbalance than to the modern notion of the specificity of causes...

... the causes of ill health, including humoral shifts, environmental effects, and God. A careful assessment of patients’ firsthand accounts reveals that emotions were a more prevalent component of sufferers’ explanations of illness onset than historians have supposed. Scholars have become increas- ingly...

... it. The Livre 's thought about properties thus begins with an ontological commitment to the elements—fire, air, water, and earth—which are further subdivided into four elemental qualities: heat, cold, moisture, and dryness. In human bodies, the elements and qualities interact with the four bodily humors; other...

..., the issue here is between two conceptions of the body that, for Fioravanti at least, are incommensurate: the body of humors, tempera- ment, fragile balances, and key organs such as the stomach; and the body that has inner and outer anatomical features, which serve as a foundation for intervention...

... in religious instruction. Both Lochrie and Sidhu draw from their experiences teaching students in English departments at nonreligious American universities when observing the potential humor of chapter 59. 14 These readers have very different motivations for reading the Book than those who would have read...

... of other Spanish romances in English translation. For English royalists looking to find discrete expres- sion of their disgruntlement during the English Commonwealth (1649 – 60), Spanish romance and mock-romance was a ready avenue to a distinctive form of rebellious humor. The first...

... they Wear / Place, Health, and Disease  449 generally exceed us, notwithstanding that otherwise these gifts of theirs do often degenerate into subtlety, instability, unfaithfulness and cruelty. (446) Underlying this view, as Harrison realized, was the medical belief that humoral...

... and firsthand advice to Europeans about adapting it to their tastes. Still, its first purpose was to bring chocolate into the late Renaissance discourse on drugs. Classified among medical literature in libraries today, the work intro- duced chocolate through Aristotelian terminology on the humors, which...

... monumental stud- ies on anatomy, Benedetti explains why hair grows on the body and thus, as a result, why beards grow generally on the faces of men. The process, it turns out, is fairly straightforward according to the medical notions of humoral balances and excretions, and Benedetti’s explanation...

... corpse medicine, an eagerly sought therapeutic treatment marrying the living and the dead: mumia, defined by the French surgeon Ambroise Paré (1510–­1590) as “man’s flesh from . . . Arabia,” was a bestseller in all European markets to fight disease or humoral imbalance, even though for lack...

..., legal, and spiri- tual aspects of postmortems and autopsies, for example, or even at cadaver 470  Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies / 43.2 / 2013 stories that center on the manipulation of body parts meant to shock and incite ridicule, as in gallows humor, we can see how needed...

... ridicule, as in gallows humor, we can see how needed technical skills were developed and gain a better understanding of the premodern psychol- ogy of death. In this issue, we do not revolt against the prospect of death, we do not neglect what was called in the early modern period “the art of living...

... that may accompany it — that a new body of knowledge is possible. By looking at the educational, legal, and spiri- tual aspects of postmortems and autopsies, for example, or even at cadaver stories that center on the manipulation of body parts meant to shock and incite ridicule, as in gallows humor...

..., Sire, the horror that gripped us when we found her body all bloody and battered.” In her chilling eyewitness account, Maria Celeste also tried to make sense of these self-­destructive acts that defied both faith and reason. She turned first to naturalistic medicine rooted in humoral...