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pharmaceutical patents

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Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2013) 38 (4): 735–755.
Published: 01 August 2013
...Bhaven N. Sampat; Tahir Amin The 1995 Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement required developing countries to grant product patents in pharmaceuticals. Developing countries have since explored various measures to ameliorate potential negative effects of the new laws on public...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2016) 41 (3): 423–450.
Published: 01 June 2016
... analysis health policy pharmaceutical patents In October 2015, the US government launched the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a trade agreement comprising twelve countries of the Pacific Rim, such as Chile and Peru, which among other economic liberalizations, enforce and expand intellectual property...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2013) 38 (4): 879–885.
Published: 01 August 2013
... a practicing solicitor in the Senior Courts of England and Wales for more than ten years, and adviser to various organizations including the World Health Organization, UNITAID, and GAVI Alliance. He has written extensively on pharmaceutical patenting and published articles in Health Affairs, Science...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2017) 42 (3): 485–512.
Published: 01 June 2017
... and the paradox of their relatively lower consumption across multiple developing states. The findings point to pathways for improving standards, consumer information, and access in off-patent pharmaceutical markets. Table 4 Chronology of Generics Regulation in Latin America, 1983–2012 Country...
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Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2009) 34 (6): 979–1010.
Published: 01 December 2009
...Sandra Adamini; Hans Maarse; Esther Versluis; Donald W. Light After lengthening the duration of patents to twenty years in 1984, the pharmaceutical industry has turned to data exclusivity as a major vehicle for extending market protection, even after patents expire. Such protections give companies...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2016) 41 (2): 157–179.
Published: 01 April 2016
...Denis G. Arnold; Jennifer L. Troyer Abstract The pharmaceutical industry has been criticized for developing and aggressively marketing drugs that do not provide significant health benefits relative to existing drugs but retain the benefits of patent protection. Critics argue that drug marketing...
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Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2011) 36 (5): 905–908.
Published: 01 October 2011
... and School of International and Public Affairs. An economist by training, Sampat is centrally interested in issues at the intersection of health policy and innovation policy. His current work examines generic challenges to pharmaceutical patents in the United States, the effects of new patent laws...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2024) 49 (1): 43–72.
Published: 01 February 2024
... reforms affecting supply chains Goal/approach 1970s–1980s Alma Ata Conference, 1978 Central Medical Stores and essential medicines program established. Nascent pharmaceutical industries in LMICs reverse engineer formulations/ignore patents for domestic production/consumption. Address market...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2013) 38 (6): 1205–1209.
Published: 01 December 2013
... Nations Can Tell Us about Next Steps in Reforming U.S. Health Care (David A. Rochefort and Kevin P. Donnelly), 3:611–14 Ruger, Theodore W. “Our Federalism” Moves Indoors, 2:283–89 Sampat, Bhaven N., and Tahir Amin. How Do Public Health Safeguards in Indian Patent Law Affect Pharmaceutical...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2022) 47 (6): 731–753.
Published: 01 December 2022
... and thus a period of market exclusivity that gives them market power. They then use presumptions that “new” must mean “improved” to convince doctors and patients to adopt the new drugs (CRS 2020 ; Martin 2021 ; Pew Charitable Trusts 2019 ). When products go off patent, brand-name pharmaceutical...
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Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2014) 39 (3): 691–705.
Published: 01 June 2014
... start by describing the current pharmaceutical policy environment in Russia, including health services related to pharmaceutical coverage and the political setting. Given this policy environment and using international evidence, we then discuss policy options for in- and off-patent markets. These policy...
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Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2011) 36 (1): 119–139.
Published: 01 February 2011
... by aggregated innovative output, accounting for over one-­third of new chemical entities approved by the FDA from 1993 to 2003 (Grabowski and Wang 2006) and nearly half of pharmaceutical and biotechnology patents awarded by the European Patent Office during the 1988 – 1997 period (Gambardella, Orsenigo...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2013) 38 (3): 573–597.
Published: 01 June 2013
... Substitution.” Medical Care 40 , no. 8 : 662 – 74 . Mrazek M. Frank R. . 2004 . “The Off-Patent Pharmaceutical Market.” In Regulating Pharmaceuticals in Europe: Striving for Efficiency, Equity, and Quality , edited by Mossialos E. Mrazek M. Walley T. , 245 – 59...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2023) 48 (2): 215–239.
Published: 01 April 2023
...Amy Kapczynski Abstract The pharmaceutical industry is among the most politically powerful business sectors in the United States today. This article describes how this industry has successfully entrenched its power, with attention to four sources of power: property power, vertical power over...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2022) 47 (4): 523–526.
Published: 01 August 2022
...Joseph White Unfortunately, Feldman's story is not just of unethical businesses but of weak government. In many cases she describes instances where regulators (such as the US Patent and Trademark Office and the Federal Trade Commission) or the courts allowed behavior that, on the face...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2007) 32 (5): 895–913.
Published: 01 October 2007
... for their R&D. The free-rider argu- ment also makes no sense when pharmaceutical markets are global. Of course, pharmaceutical companies prefer to set their own patent-protected prices in the “free” American market, which they contrast to European government price controls, but “government price...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2022) 47 (6): 879–895.
Published: 01 December 2022
... implying that government patent ownership was a major problem in pharmaceutical innovation, this interpretation also failed to account for successful drug and vaccine development during World War II (Baxter 1947 ; Hoyt 2006 ). Those wartime drug and vaccine programs were directed by government...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2003) 28 (4): 615–658.
Published: 01 August 2003
... . European Policies Influencing Pharmaceutical Innovation. In The Changing Economics of Medical Technology , ed. Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Campbell, R. M., and L. A. Pal. 1989 . The Long and Winding Road: Bill C-22 and the Politics of Drug Patents. In The Real...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (1998) 23 (2): 265–290.
Published: 01 April 1998
... of Technology Assessment (OTA). 1993 . Pharmaceutical R and D: Costs, Risks, and Rewards. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (PMPRB). 1989 . Bulletin No. 3, July (Ottawa, Ontario, Canada). Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (PMPRB). 1994 . Bulletin...
Journal Article
J Health Polit Policy Law (2022) 47 (5): 583–607.
Published: 01 October 2022
... cheaper alternatives. Indeed, pharmaceutical companies have used this method to protect the market share of drugs that have recently become or will soon become vulnerable to competition from generic equivalents (332–35). Mergers between a firm with patented holdings in some markets and companies...