...Jeff Stryker Users of intravenous heroin, cocaine, and amphetamines risk the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through the sharing of contaminated injection equipment. Although most users are aware of this risk, the scarcity of sterile needles and syringes, combined with various...

... with policy makers, thousands of news articles, and extensive documentation to reconstruct the history of three areas of debate and decision making about HIV prevention since 1990: needle exchange, HIV testing, and sex education for at-risk groups. These histories illuminate three key lessons. First...

....” December 25 . Normand J. . 1995 . Preventing HIV Transmission: The Role of Sterile Needles and Bleach . Washington, DC : National Academies Press . Ottenberg A. L. . 2011 . “Vaccinating Health Care Workers against Influenza: The Ethical and Legal Rationale for a Mandate...

... confirming its predictions about broad patterns in the allocation of both substantive and symbolic policy benefits and burdens to different target populations. References Anderson , Warwick . 1993 . The New York Needle Trial: The Politics of Public Health in the Age of AIDS. In AIDS...

... to serve in a variety of capacities, including answering the switchboard, supporting clients living with HIV/AIDS, and covering a needle exchange route through the aptly named Combat Zone late on Friday nights. These experiences illuminated an idea that in hindsight seems self-evident: HIV/AIDS...

... varied impacts in different national political and social contexts. Also, the same observation can be made with regard to the implementation (or the lack thereof) of needle-exchange programs and HIV/AIDS prevention. Nathanson’s book is an excellent, insightful, and well-focused treatise...

... (or the lack thereof) of needle-exchange programs and HIV/AIDS prevention. Nathanson’s book is an excellent, insightful, and well-focused treatise that sheds a great deal of light on a complex and complicated area — the development of national public health policies. Nathanson discusses the pattern...

... supporters will be necessary to achieve wide- spread adoption of licensing laws. Introduction Acupuncture, the empirically-derived Oriental method of treating dis- ease and relieving pain by means of needles,’ is not widely practiced in the United States. Despite its initial appeal and a decade...

... County Public Health Department received a research grant for the project “Epidemiologic Evaluation of a Needle Exchange Program.” The project proposes a longitudinal cohort study of the impact of Seattle–King County’s Needle Exchange, which has exchanged over 608,000 syringes since April 1989...

... the first and the second trimesters (Chitkara et al. 1988; 1. Kolata uses the terms "pregnancy reductions" and "selectivity". 2. During amniocentesis "a holiow needle is inserted through the mother's abdominal wall, through the uterine wall, and into the amniotic fluid that surrounds...

... (MWTA), U.S.C. 6992 et seq., a law passed in response to the highly publicized “needles on the beach” wash-ups of that summer. In a broader sense, however, the paper is about how a public health issue was defined in response to a sharp public outcry, producing a demand to act quickly...

... Odds Ratio Interval for Odds Ratio Breast Pain (ACS-1) (n = 381) (n = 1,412) Needle Biopsy 10.6 13.3 6.3 20.3 -14.0 0.20* 0.02 –0.85 Open Biopsy 6.5 8.4 14.6 24.5 -9.9...

... the virus among blacks and Hispanics was growing faster as a result of a newly observed linkage of crack, sex, and venereal disease. This new source of infection augmented to an ominous but unmeasurable extent its diffusion by needle sharing, by intravenous drug addicts having unprotected sex...

...-IIULAV virus is spread by sexual contact, blood transfusions, and the sharing of con- taminated needles. Infected women can spread the virus to their offspring during pgnancy. As virtually every scientist who has studied the disease has asserted, and as the Centers for Disease Control has...

... needle exchange programs, free distribution of methadone from vans based on the Dutch model, and distribution of bleach bottles and condoms by outreach workers. My own research (McAuliffe, Breer, et al. 1989) suggests that the latter group is closer to being right. There is no evidence...

... Drug Use and AIDS: Public Policy and Dirty Needles Jeff Stryker 719 Legal Rights and Communicable Disease: AIDS, the Police Power, and Individual Liberty Wendy E. Purmet 74 1 Hospital Policy in The Netherlands: Richard B. Saltman...

... at the University of California, Los Angeles. His research interests include medical sociology and the politics of public health and the state. He has conducted research on local confl icts surrounding needle exchange programs in urban neighborhoods and on popular support for welfare state policies...

...” communities through trusted peers; and the necessity of basic social change and governmental response to address the under- lying inequities that promote disease transmission. Even some of the spe- cific projects described, which were controversial when initiated, such as needle exchange in drug-using...

... nuanced analysis of the messages conveyed to drug users by harm reduc- tion interventions (391). These interventions unavoidably send an ambiva- lent message: If one were fully confi dent that a heroin user can quit, why provide clean needles? Yet it is wrong to confuse this ambivalence...