... by examining the critical discourse of the Tongcheng 桐城 guwen writers of the Qing dynasty 清 (1644–1911). Liu Dakui 劉大櫆 (1698–1779), Yao Nai 姚鼐 (1731–1815), Mei Zengliang 梅曾亮 (1786–1856), Fang Dongshu 方東樹 (1772–1851), Zhang Yuzhao 張裕釗 (1823–1894), Zeng Guofan 曾國藩 (1811–1872), and Yao Yongpu 姚永樸 (?–1939) all...

... of the Xuanxue [studies of parallel prose] and the curse of Tongcheng [school of the ancient-style prose]” 選學妖孽，桐城謬種. 37 Vernacular Chinese, presumably untainted by traditional prose forms, has ever since been adopted as the standard prose form. As if to mark this triumph of natural, untutored vernacular...

... criticism. Chen and Varsano focus on examining how leading figures of the Tongcheng guwen (ancient-prose) school, including Liu Dakui 劉大櫆 (1698–1779), Yao Nai 姚鼐 (1731–1815), Fang Dongshu 方東樹 (1772–1851), Zeng Guofan 曾國藩 (1811–1872), and others, theorized about sound as the very foundation of literary...

...先生 (Sending Wishes for Longevity to Mister Nanzhuang). What is more, in the case of Wang Jiusi's suites “Shou tongcheng shengfengjun meitang bashi” 壽桐城盛封君梅塘八十 (Congratulating the Honorable Sheng Meitang from Tongcheng on His Eightieth Birthday), “Libu shangshu Quwo Ligong bashi shouci” 禮部尚書曲沃李公八十壽詞...

... of the Four Treasuries ), 2 vols. Beijing : Zhonghua shuju , 1965 . Wang Damin 王達敏 . “ Cong zun Song dao chong Han: Lun Yao Nai jianli Tongcheng pai shi Qingting xueshu zongshang de qianyi ” 從尊宋到崇漢——論姚鼐建立桐城派時清廷學術宗尚的潜移 ( From Admiring the Song to Promoting the Han: On the Transformation of Academic...

.... . . . The so-called “Tongcheng faction scoundrels” ( Tongcheng miuzhong 桐城謬種) and “ Wen Xuan study evildoers” ( xuanxue yaonie 選學妖孽) of the May Fourth generation generally refer to those writers who merely imitate the “cry while flying” lines [from Shijing], 71 as well as those people who embrace...

... styles of prose writing prevalent in the late Qing—those associated with the Tongcheng 桐城 and Wenxuan 文選 schools. Zhang found both wanting in originality and rigor. Lu Xun's rejection of the Tongcheng style of Yan Fu 嚴復 (1854–1921) and Lin Shu 林紓 (1852–1924) in favor of the guwen style of Zhang Taiyan...