.... Cesarano, Filippo. 1997 . Currency Areas and Equilibrium. Open Economies Review 8 : 51 -59. ____. 2003 . Keynes's Revindication of Classical Monetary Theory. HOPE 35.3 : 491 -519. Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Andrew K. Rose. 1998 . The Endogeneity of the Optimum Currency Area Criteria...

.... Journal of Economic Integration 9 : 444 -70. Edgeworth, F. Y. 1908 . Appreciations of Mathematical Theories—III. Economic Journal 18 (September): 392 -403. Graaff, J. de V. 1949 . On Optimum Tariff Structures. Review of Economic Studies 17 : 47 -59. ____. 1957 . Theoretical Welfare...

... Production II—Tax Rules. American Economic Review 61 : 261 -78. Dixit, Avinash K. 1970 . On the Optimum Structure of Commodity Taxes. American Economic Review 60 : 229 -34. Dooley, Peter C. 1983 . Slutsky's Equation Is Pareto's Solution. HOPE 15.4 : 513 -17. Hurwicz, Leonid. 1971...

... . Pareto Vilfredo . 2007 . Considerations on the Fundamental Principles of Pure Economics . Edited and translated by Marchionatti R. Mornati F. London : Routledge . Review Essay Much More Than a Mere Optimum: On the Variorum Edition of Vilfredo Pareto s Manual of Political Economy...

... optimum .” Giornale dell’Istituto Italiano degli Attuari 8 , no. 3 : 48 – 67 . De Finetti Bruno . 1937b . “ Problemi di “optimum” vincolato .” Giornale dell’Istituto Italiano degli Attuari 8 , no. 4 : 112 – 26 . De Finetti Bruno . 1943 . “ La crisi dei principi e l’economia...

...Jan Graaff Correspondence may be addressed to Jan Graaff, P. O. Box 1609, Cape Town,South Africa—8000. Duke University Press 2000 Graaff, J. de V. 1949 . On Optimum Tariff Structures. Review of Economic Studies 17 : 47 -59. ____. 1957 . Theoretical Welfare Economics...

... on ethical and power considerations. Although the Pareto optimum concept appears in the Treatise, there also exists cost-benefit analysis of the Pigovian type, and at all times it is subsumed under the forces of psychology, knowledge, and power. Samuels shows that the Pareto optimum rule can...

.... 3. See Lowry 1987, chap. 3, for an in-depth analysis of Xenophon’s ideas. Kautilya on Incentives and Effort / Sihag 265 It may be noted that Kautilya recognized the principal-agent problem and suggested various mechanisms to induce agents to supply optimum...

... Stability . New York : Fordham University Press . ———. 1969 . The Optimum Quantity of Money, and Other Essays . Chicago : Aldine . Friedman Milton Schwartz Anna Jacobson . 1963 . A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960 . Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press...

... this diagrammatic presentation and the mathematical model on which it was based (1954) as an alternative to 6. “The optimum of all the Pareto optima.” 7. On Charles Tiebout’s mostly unsuccessful attempt to engage Samuelson on the potential for small communities to overcome the free rider problem, see...

... Growth . New York : Macmillan . Cass David . 1965 . “ Optimum Growth in an Aggregative Model of Capital Accumulation .” Review of Economic Studies 32 , no. 3 : 233 – 40 . Claveau François Gingras Yves . 2016 . “ Macrodynamics of Economics: A Bibliometric...

... in Multisector Models of Optimum Growth When Future Utilities Are Discounted.” International Economic Review 14 ( 3 ): 535 – 59 . Brock W. A. Mirman L. J. . 1973 . “Optimal Economic Growth and Uncertainty: The No Discounting Case.” International Economic Review 14 ( 3 s): 560 – 73...

...- lowing editions of Lectures, he presented a modified view. Now, as a rule the best returns are obtained at some particular scale of operations. . . . This scale of operations is, under the given circumstances, the “optimum” towards which the firm must al- ways, economically speaking...

.... ____. 1907 . Review of Preferential and Protective Import Duties, by A. C. Pigou. Economic Journal 17 : 98 -102. Edgeworth, F. Y. 1908 . Appreciations of Mathematical Theories—III. Economic Journal 18 (September): 392 -403. Graaff, J. de V. 1949 . On Optimum Tariff Structures. Review...

...-208; Om utvandringen: dess betydelse och orsaker (About emigration: its importance and causes) (Stockholm, 1882); “Sveriges utvandringsfdga” (Sweden’s emigration problem), in Emigrationsutred- ningen (Stockholm, 1910), pp. 99-131; “Das Optimum der Bevolkerung,” Die Neue Generation 10...

... of imposing some collective restraint on their use of labor provided an incentive for reform legislation; and (iv) what considerations enter into the optimum degree of limitation of the use of labor under alter- native social systems. There are explanations of labor exploitation other than Marx’s...

..., there is no presumption whatever that the equi- librium output will be anywhere near the optimum output. The es- sence of the above process is that the real income of the community has to be forced down to a level at which the rate of saving is not so excessive relatively to investment at the current rate...

... on innovations that would occur (Porter 1980, 162–63). “Poten- tial” implies not just an optimum, but optima, which is consistent with Jacobsen / Robinson, Robertson, and Industrial Organization  65 Robinson’s Competitive Industry’s organizing principle the “optimum firm,” whereby numerous factors...

... alleged standing as a value-free science. According to this view, given a body of fac­ tual and institutional premises and value limitations, the economist can prescribe, in a microeconomic mode, a program for rationally achiev­ ing optimum efficiency for any given end...

... externalities were mentioned, it was in the context of whether a competitive equilibrium could produce an ef€cient allocation of resources and to note that external- ities were an impediment to the attainment of the optimum. When econo- mists €nally did begin to take up the subject of externalities in a serious...