...Matthieu Ballandonne The linear model of innovation, which assumes a unidirectional and non-simultaneous relationship between the two realms of science and technology, is still a debated framework. The aims of this article are to show—in contrast with the received view—that economists of science...

... at that controversy from the perspective of MIT, trying to establish why Samuelson and Solow became so involved. It is argued that Robinson was challenging propositions about linear models and their relationship to models with smooth substitution, on which they had been working, in Samuelson’s case, since the 1940s...

... by cumulative investment. We finally study the different strategies for modeling learning developed in the 1950s and 1960s, showing the influence of RAND's and Armen Alchian's contributions on Arrow's use of a log-linear equation of learning and its introduction into an economic growth model. Correspondence...

... and primary commodities” (1953: 406–7). Initially, activity analysis had developed linear models and techniques most fully and the 1949 Cowles conference was initially referred to as the Conference on Linear Programming (as by Robert Dorfman in Koopmans et al. 1951: 348; and Morgenstern [1950] 1963 : preface...

... of Technological Change in a Linear Model. In Activity Analysis of Production and Allocation , edited by T. C. Koopmans. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press. ———. 1953 . Causal Ordering and Identifiability. In Studies in Econometric Method , edited by W. C. Hood and T. C. Koopmans. Cowles Foundation...

... their analysis of the links between linear models, time, and instability by showing the importance of expectations in understanding the dynamics of economic systems. Indeed, Assous and Carret show precisely how much more complex the thinking of the early econometricians became as they moved from linear...

... an important role in modeling econometric dynamics during the first part of this century. By the 1960s, however, the profession had largely switched to the linear approach, using B. Slutsky’s observation that stable low-order linear stochastic differ­ ence equations could generate cyclic...

... , by Maclaurin W. R. . Public Opinion Quarterly 13 ( 3 ): 531 – 33 . de Rouvray C. A. 2005 . “Economists Writing History: American and French Experience in the Mid 20th Century.” PhD diss. , London School of Economics . Edgerton D. 2004 . “‘The Linear Model’ Did not Exist...

... Esther-Mirjam . 2000 . “ Herbert A. Simon as a Cyborg Scientist .” Perspectives on Science 8 ( 4 ): 380 – 406 . Simon Herbert A. 1951 . “ Effects of Technological Change in a Linear Model .” In Koopmans 1951 , 260 – 77 . ———. 1952 . “ On the Application of Servomechanism Theory...

...Juan Carvajalino In his famous “A Model of General Economic Equilibrium”, von Neumann wrote that it was “obvious to what kind of theoretical models [his] assumptions correspond.” To date, however, his sources of economic insights about the functioning of the continuously growing price-economy...

... of the broken line will be con- vex, so that the cost minimization problem will always have a solution. I think it is clear that Frisch’s discussion of the linear version of the diet problem must be one of the first explicit formulations of the linear programming model. The context in which...

... . Chap. 13 in Schurr and Marschak 1950. ____. 1951 . Effects of Technological Change in a Linear Model. In Activity Analysis of Production and Allocation , edited by T. Koopmans. New York: Wiley. ____. 1982 . Models of Bounded Rationality:Economic Analysis and Public Policy . Cambridge, Mass...

.... M. 1952 . On the Structure of Linear Models. Econometrica 20 ( January ): 29 –46. ———. 1953–54 . A Note on the Price Level and Interest Rate in a Growth Model. Review of Economic Studies 21.1 : 74 –79. ———. 1956 . A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth. Quarterly Journal...

...) have been explored: (1) one in which linear models would allow for damped oscillations so that their persistence would rely on exogenous shocks: the Samuelson- Frisch-Hansen linear model; (2) one in which the parameters of the (linear) model had to be tuned so as to produce zero damping...

... . Koopmans Tjalling C. , ed. 1951 . Activity Analysis of Production and Distribution: Proceedings of a Conference . New York : John Wiley and Sons . Koopmans Tjalling C. 1953 . “ Maximization and Substitution in Linear Models of Production .” In NEI 1953 : 99 – 109 . Koopmans...

... economisti 21 (May): 413 -39. Fisher, I. [1892] 1925 . Mathematical Investigations in the Theory of Value and Prices . New Haven: Yale University Press. Gale, D. 1960 . The Theory of Linear Economic Models . New York: McGraw-Hill. Gilibert, G. 1987 . Circular Flow. In The New Palgrave...

... of Panics and Their Periodical Occurrence on the United States . Reprint, New York: Kelley. ____. [1862] 1968 . Des crises commerciales et de leur retour périodique en France, en Angleterre, et auxÉtats-Unis . Facsimile. Roma: Edizione Bizarri. Kenkel, J. 1974 . Dynamic Linear Economic Models...

... of national income. For the samereason, Ileave aside the issue of non- linear models, it being part of further developments, to which not only Harrod but also Samuelson contributed. As Besomi himself points out, Samuelson aimedat showing that even avery simple dynamic Keynesian model could produce...

... . Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, no. 9920. University of Cambridge. Charnes, A., and W. W. Cooper. 1961 . Management Models and Industrial Applications of Linear Programming . 2 vols. New York: John Wiley. Charnes, A., W. W. Cooper, and A. Henderson. 1953 . An Introduction to Linear...

... in which the capacity of competitors increases as the cartel raises its price. This is examined in Model 4. From an examination of the given figures, it may be concluded that the following relationships hold: 2. Strictly speaking this result applies to a linear model of partial monopoly...