...Craig Smith In his Life of Adam Smith , Dugald Stewart notes that Smith was “always disposed to ascribe to custom and fashion their full share in regulating the opinions of mankind with respect to beauty.” Indeed, Stewart refers to this as a “collateral” inquiry within The Theory of Moral...

... of this article. Copyright 2015 by Duke University Press 2015 social interdependencies consumption positional competition utility fashion References Andreozzi L. Bianchi M. . 2007 . “Fashion: Why People Like It and Theorists Do Not.” Advances in Austrian Economics 10 : 209...

... of Trustees. Though Samuelson first intended to write a policy-oriented textbook with a strong Keynesian inclination, the changes he introduced, while keeping most of the substance, made it a more theoretically inclined text, in which policy recommendations were presented in a softened fashion. These events...

... as a zealous free trader, fashioned the piecemeal ideas of tariff reformers into an analytical framework, translating their polemical arguments into a theoretical discourse. In 1906, he applied this framework to the consequences of tariff reform for the British economy. In 1907, he used it to explore...

... with different “strengths.” The strength of each response is directly related to its historical payoff probability, and responses compete in winner-take-all fashion. An “active” response occurs and is strengthened or weakened depending on its outcome. If it is sufficiently weakened, it will be supplanted...

... economists’ experiences and fostered their ambitions to make their technocratic economics usable in the world. This involved more than fashioning “tools” to solve specific problems, more than making “cameras” to describe and analyze the world, but even creating “engines” to help design and run economies...

...- siasm for a scientific approach to history leads him into absurdity: The alleged dichotomy between the human and the physical universe . . . appears to a modern generation-to those, let us say, born after 1940- quaintly old-fashioned and the reasons for treating the history of the spe...

... fashion from a series of sharply truncated sections whose brevity is admirably suited to Barzun’s elliptical style. It is an impressive perfor- mance. But polemic is a perilous form of argument, and Barzun, indulging indignation with abandon, does not escape the usual pitfalls. The major...

... long after him. Indeed, as shown by Timothy Alborn, Victorian money economics has been characterized by a curious conflation of the natural image of circulation in the body and the mechanical image of steam circulation in an engine. Metaphors can also evolve through time in such a fashion...

...- ogy, he might refl ect on its implication for his own position: can we be certain about Ricardo’s response to Malthus? As for Mill (1821), Hollander suggests that “he can be understood in a New View fashion, though subject to a qualifi cation.” However, Professor Hollander cannot provide...

... goods, lacks a definite price and a market of its own on which market-clearing forces come to a focus. Further development of monetary disequilibrium theory along these lines will probably prove relevant to appraising currently fashion- able theories of rational expectations and of what...

...-constant indi- vidual schedules. Only at the third, distinct, stage do we get to the question of what the equilibrium price will be-the market experiment. If, in this fashion, we interpret Wells’ equation ( 1) as an optimality condition which, given the production function, defines...

... parts and ignoring others in a fashion different from that of other essays. In addition, although all have had the experience of forty more years of capitalism, they assign different values to that experience. Each contributor restates Schumpeter’s reasons for the decline and fall of cap...

... much of Peil,as of the current fashion that his book serves to illustrate. The losers in this new academic fashion are scholars like Jacob Viner. Viner wrote when scholars were trying to establish mercantilism by wanting to understand its “context.”Viner replied pithily that “to understand all...

... as distinctly old- fashioned, but it is skillfully presented and is probably novel to the younger positivistic generation of historians of economics. Admittedly while fashions change, metaphysics is rarely in vogue among economists. Nevertheless their controversies often hark back to these murky...

... according to circumstances: “Values are varied, but not capri- cious” (294; see also 296). Galiani nonetheless allowed one exception—fashion, which he judged “an affection of the brain,” peculiar to Europeans (294). Although fash- ion does not affect objects universally agreed to be beautiful...

... an understanding of what this change entailed. Out of many different economists’ individualpracticalmeasuring projects around the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, there emerged a number of different kinds of measuring instruments, each carefully fashioned for economics. By looking carefully...

... relativity effects) by Newto- nian theory. Thus, it may appear that man has gained knowledge that is, some- how, beyond himself in space and time. Indeed, we believe that if man had never appeared, this planet would have proceeded in the same fashion on its path. Consequently, physics appears to have...

... are need for uniformity, pity and cruelty, self-sacrifice for the good of others, social ranking, asceticism. Concrete frivolous examples are fads, fashions, bandwagons, and, more generally, peer-group pres- sures. More important are willingness to sacrifice self-interest for the public good...

.... It is a story of the vicissitudes of an idea that had to face the question of empirical content 368  Book Reviews time and again; that faced the ebb and flow of fashions and fads and incessant mood changes among economists and policymakers. Of course the idea was, and still is, dismissed, and its...