...I. Grattan-Guinness An important part of Jevons's economic theory was his theory of exchange of commodities. For justification he drew upon several aspects of differential equations and their applications, especially a principle in mechanics associated with equilibrium. Unfortunately his use...

... the Talmud's differential valuation of the same asset by multiple claimants. Modern contingent claims analysis is able to explain differential valuation by invoking market imperfections such as transactions costs and asymmetric information. We conjecture that market imperfections lie behind the Talmud's...

... of technologically differentiated industries, ordered by their priority for receiving scarce high-quality goods. The forced development of the economy is its qualitative differentiation, which over time creates inherent structural imperatives for large-scale reorderings of that priority hierarchy, lest the phenomena...

... for industrialization in order to promote economic development: (1) manufacturing had a highly differentiated division of labor; (2) manufacturing was an innovation- intensive activity; (3) manufacturing was a science-based activity; and (4) manufacturing cultivated people’s psychological qualities which were required...

... writings on usury and that his argument for its immorality is not dependent upon the proposition. These facts, which differentiate Luther from the Scholastic writers, are consistent with his opposition to Aristotelian natural philosophy and the influence of nominalism on his thought. In order to establish...

...Daniel Geary This article offers a case study of how social scientific disciplines differentiate themselves from one another, focusing on the relationship of economics to sociology. It presents four categories to describe common ways that economists and sociologists understood the relationship...

... or through market price differentials. Most American economists working on price indexes at the time had ties to the U.S. consumer movement, which emphasized consumer ignorance and promoted expert analysis as the only reliable guide to product quality. During the postwar era, these ties began to dissolve...

... of Economics Early in his career Allyn Young recognized that product differentiation was a competitive strategy. In the 1908 edition of Outlines of economics, he noted that trademarks, brand names, and advertising were forms of rivalry in competitive markets: Correspondence may be addressed...

...) where y is the underlying utility (ophelimity) index. Along this indiffer- ence surface we have dx j –ψ = i , (2) dxi dI = 0 ψj where y = ∂y(x) / ∂xi for all i = 1, 2,  . . . , n. Taking the total differential of (1...

... country is, for instance, ten times the cost of production of a longshureman? How can the wage differential be- tween these two workers be extremely high in underdeveloped countries and rather low in developed countries? Why is it decreasing in the long run, perhaps giviGe lon,dhoremen in the mast...

...’ momentarily predeter- mined stock of wage goods, W From the sectoral profit rates p, = (FJG) - 1 and p, = (pa - 1, where p is the relative price of man- ufactures, I may define a profit-rate-differential function X,,such that where Xp = 0 indicates intersectoral profit-rate uniformity...

... of Political Economy 32:4 (2000) be ruled out of bounds” covers too complex a shift to be summarized so briefly. Various other allusions in the paper could profitably be filled out because the separation leaves both disciplines with fundamental prob- lems: the differentiation of the world for economists...

... of pay and profit differentials. I will treat each of these topics below. Moreover, I must emphasize that the argument made above concerning the normative basis of natural price still applies in the commercial state. Smith’s grounding of his concept of economic efficiency in natural reason...

... by differentiating with respect to quantities. Since these equations are the only first-order conditions in the chapter on oligopoly, it follows that quantities are the only optimizing variables in the chapter. Magnan de Bornier believes that Cournot only apparently indicated quantity as the strategic variable...

... w = e-rnf (4 (2) Implicitly differentiating ( 1) demonstrates the interest rate to be inversely related to the optimal aging time,2 or Differentiating (2) and using (1) and (2) to simplify gives the slope of the factor price frontier as --dw...

... of the goods themselves. Maximum total utility is achieved when the differential increments of the utility derived from each capital good are equal: .. where 6, etc., are the services of the capital goods (K), (KK”) . . . , and a&)etc...

..., Italian Corporatist. HOPE 26 . 1 : 589 -611. Mas-Colell , Andreu 1985 . The Theory of General Economic Equilibrium: A Differentiable Approach . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pasinetti , Luigi 1991 . Italian Economic Papers . Vol. 1 . Oxford: Oxford University Press...

... : 694 . ____. 1933 . Propagation Problems and Impulse Problems in Dynamic Economics. In Essays in Honour of Gustav Cassel , 171 -205. London: Allen & Unwin. Frisch, R., and H. Holme. 1935 . The Characteristic Solutions of a Mixed Difference and Differential Equation Occurring in Economic...

... correct, as the Lyapounov function he used was not differentiable everywhere. He may be forgiven, per- Weintraub - Allais, Stability, and Liapunov Theory 385 haps, for having overlooked this technical point . . . [ellipsis in original] Since this claim about Allais’s work...

...’ problems of tortoise-chasing to his own problems in understanding why (dyldx) is not an indeterminate form, without some assistance from an instructor in one or more of these courses. (In my case, fifty years ago, I doubt whether my phi- losophy teaclizr could differentiate y = @, and whether my...