... planning. This innovative approach, very different from the styles of reasoning in mathematical economics of his time, was grounded in his work on pattern recognition and informed by a cybernetic vision of control as information processing and communication in complex systems. From Pattern Recognition...

... the study of humans and machines communicating within closed-loop sys- tems of control cybernetics. In some cases, such as with the small turrets in bombers, it was still necessary for humans to be a part of the feedback loop. Indeed, despite all the mechanization, the enemy pilot had to be considered one...

.... This article focuses on the story of one group created by the control engineer Mark Aizerman at the Institute of Control Sciences in Moscow. It discusses the origins and the outstanding diversity and dynamics of the group’s research agenda, reconstructs the factors that made Aizerman turn from the cybernetics...

..., but rapidly careens out of control into a num­ ber of seemingly unrelated developments, such as von Neumann’s 1932 book on quantum mechanics, Claude Shannon’s work on transmission channel capacity, Alan Turing’s work on computation and code breaking, Norbert Wiener’s cybernetics, and Henry...

.... Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Mindell, David. 2004. Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Com- puting before Cybernetics. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Morosov, Y., and G. Podvoiski. 1977. The Shinkansen and Baikal-Amur Railways (BAM): A Comparison of Large-Scale Program Management...

... and control processes in man-made machines, in animal organisms, in the human mind, and in large human societies. This, I think, was probably the central contribution of his notion of cybernetics. Here he applied the notion of feedback to the theory of steering. The notion of cyber- netics...

... approaches. The movement sought to fur- ther, or to modernize, the development of Soviet society by introducing mathematical methods and systems science in what came to be called an economic cybernetics. History of Political Economy 51 (annual suppl.) DOI 10.1215/00182702-7903276 Copyright 2019 by Duke...

... Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press . Mirowski Philip . 2002 . Machine Dreams: Economics Becomes a Cyborg Science . New York : Cambridge University Press . Morgan Mary . 2012 . The World...

... into Russian as soon as 1959 (for a detailed history and general contexts of Soviet cybernetics, see Gerovitch 2002). The law states that, for a system to be stable, the number of states (variety or complexity) of its control mechanism must be greater than or equal to the number of states in the system...

... Press. Kamien, Morton I. 1981 . “It's Just Like New York!” In Essays in Contemporary Fields of Economics , edited by George Horwich and James P. Quirk. West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press. Klir, George J., and Miroslav Valach. 1967 . Cybernetic Modelling . London: Iliffe Books...

...-type workers’ “factory committees,” Lenin was guided by considerations of political expediency. An important source of inspiration in the realm of state control and administration of the economy was found in the experience of Germany with wartime control of industry...

... theory to cybernetics. As this profusion of analytical technologies gathered pace in the early years of the Cold War, practitioners of economics and cognate disciplines began to register what I term tool shock . Foundational debates about the epistemological properties and scientific legitimacy...

... Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems PAS-89, no. 1: 120 25. doi.org/10.1109/TPAS.1970.292678. Stahl, E. C. M. 1931. Economic Loading of Generating Stations. Electrical Engi- neering 50, no. 9: 722 27. doi.org/10.1109/EE.1931.6429418. Wiener, Norbert. 1948. Cybernetics, or, Control and Communication...

... University Press. Bonnell, Victoria E., and George W. Breslauer. 2003. Soviet and Post-Soviet Area Studies. Global, Area, and International Archive. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/4ct4x896 . Bowker, Geof. 1993 . How to Be Universal: Some Cybernetic Strategies, 1943–70. Social Studies of Science...

... Harald . 1970 . Economic Planning in Norway: Methods and Models . Oslo : Universitetsforlaget . Klein Lawrence R. Goldberger Arthur S. 1955 . An Econometric Model for the United States, 1929–1952 . Amsterdam : North-Holland . Kline Ronald R. 2015 . The Cybernetics...

.... The industrial structure became distorted, bent toward the runaway growth of the politi- cally untamable military-industrial complex. Without central control, the structural shifts required to sustain growth became impossible. Such a critique could hardly be published. When Yaremenko received his copy...

... “The Principle of Economic Rationality” in PoZiticaE Ecolnomy is full of its praises, and two of its branches in parkiculw-operations research and programing (in the broad sense)- recognized by him to Ibe of exceptional and growing aimpomcein relation to the economics of control, especially under...

... time. Its tides are mysterious. One must learn to accept them and submit to their unalterable rhykhm. ’ ’13 Alberuni’s failure to develop a natural explanation of the manner in which excessive numbers are controlled is not easily explained except on Ithe supposrtion that he...

... and the control stance, 196-99, and social context, 127 206-7 and stigma effects, 134, 134nl3 irrational, 197, 198 cognitive limitations of agents, 127, and self-interest, 200-201 132 sovereignty...

.... Fleming, W. H., and R. W. Rishel. 1975. Deterministic and Stochastic Optimal Control. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Galison, P. 1994. The Ontology of the Enemy: Norbert Wiener and the Cybernetic Vision. Critical Inquiry 21:228-66. Galison, P., and B. Hevley, eds. 1992. Big...