... monetary approach to exchange rates purchasing power parity Graham effect Bretton Woods Aliber, R. Z. 1987 . Exchange Rates. In The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics , edited by J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, and P. Newman, 2 : 210 -12. London: Macmillan. Bordo, M. D. 1993 . The Bretton...

... effects are felt in the country with a gold outflow. This analysis is in contrast to the view of the mechanism of ad- justment under the gold standard held by Viner’s colleague at Prince- ton, Frank D. Graham. Graham (1959, pp. 125-26) thought that a transfer of gold from one country...

...: University of Chicago Press. Gardner, Walter R. 1945 . The Future International Position of the United States as Effected by the Fund and Bank. American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 35.2 : 272 -88. Graham, Frank D. 1940 . Achilles' Heels in Monetary Standards. American Economic Review...

... as it was emerging at the beginning of the 1930s and that this happened as he was travelling and crossing national boundaries while bridging distinct branches of mathematics with different local perspectives in economics. His encounters with Jacob Marschak in Berlin, Nicolas Kaldor in Budapest, and Frank Graham...

...Robert C. Bannister, Jr. Copyright © 1973 by Duke University Press 1973 I ~~JRINC~his lifetime, William Graham Sumner (1840-1910) had a varied career, filled with controversy. An Episcopalian minister in the late 1860’s, he accepted the chair...

... Economy 65 . 1 ( February ): 1 -17. Stigler , George J. 1960 . The Influence of Events and Policies on Economic Theory. American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings 50.2 (May): 36 -45. Sumner , William Graham . [1879] 1934 . The Influence of Commercial Crises on Opinions about...

... Concerning Political Justice . Edited by K. Codell Carter. Oxford, 1971 . Grahame , James . An Inquiry into the Principle of Population . Edinburgh, 1816 . Grampp , William. D. “Malthus and His Contemporaries.” History of Political Economy 6 ( 1974 ): 278– 304. Hazlitt , William...

...; Graham I99 1 ; 1992; Norton 1986; 1988; 1992; and Ruccio 1989. 5. Thus Baran and Sweezy move the line separating normal from wasteful. Whereas capitalist consumption had been the wasteful alternative to investment in classical theory, it is now classified as normal, insofar as it is directly...

... Bowley , M. , Nassau Senior . London, 1937 . Brems , H. , “Ricardo's Long-Run Equilibrium.” History of Political Economy 2 ( 1970 ): 225 -45. Caves , R. E. , and R. W. Jones World Trade nd Payments . Boston, 1973 . Graham , F. D. “The Theory of International Values...

... upon putting their mercantile speculation in the hands of a military man. (75) Head, like Miers and Graham, expresses skepticism about the observational powers of businessmen. He asserts that his forbearance under extreme discomfort and the real possibility of violent death, derived from his...

... to reconcile them with the prevalent ideology of equali- tarianism,” and identify Herbert Spencer and Walter Bagehot, in England, and William Graham Sumner, in America, as “influential social Darwinists of their age whose names are still to be reckoned “God and Nature have or- dained the chances...

... September 1817 to the head of Sandhurst. Another letter, written 18 April 1818 from Glas- gow to General Thomas Graham (Baron Lynedoch), shows the active role Torrens was then playing in support of the new system, which he describes as “neither more nor less than the art of Fencing adapted...

... . 1934 . Birth Control: Hearings before the United States House Committee on the Judiciary, Seventy-Third Congress, Second Session, on Jan. 18, 19 . Washington DC : United States Government Printing Office . Wallas Graham . 1908 . Human Nature in Politics . London : A. Constable and co...

... Journal 14 ( September ): 81 -82. Dimand , R. W. 1988 . The origins of the Keynesian revolution . Upleadon, Glos.: Edward Elgar; Stanford, Cal.: Stanford University Press. Graham, Benjamin. 1932 . Storage and stability: a modern ever-normal granary . New York: McGraw-Hill. Harrod...

... thus states the requirements for the simultaneous exist- ence of a unique exchange ratio and full-specialization outputs in both countries. Thus, when the law is satisfied, there is no supply elasticity of the sort that Graham (1948) emphasized so heavily in his critique of Mill’s analysis...

... scientists, based at the central research institutes, were well posi- tioned to claim the limited authority and autonomy that they were awarded 212 Egl Rindzevi i t in exchange for their service to the regime (Graham 1987; Holloway 1999). Unlike members of the general public and dissidents, systems sci...

... (published as Appen- dix I1 below in this issue of HOPE) and (b) “Some Insufficiencies in the Theories of In- ternational Economic Relations,” the Frank D. Graham Memorial Lecture at Princeton University, published as Essays in International Finance, no. 134, Princeton, Septem- ber 1979...

... Press. Graham, Frank D. 1923 . Some Aspects of Protection Further Considered. Quarterly Journal of Economics 37 (February): 199 -227. ____. 1925 . Some Fallacies in the Interpretation of Social Costs: A Reply. Quarterly Journal of Economics 34 : 324 -30. Hart, Neil. 1991 . Returns...

... distinguished con- nections; he had been recommended for his post as assayer in Sydney by his teacher Thomas Graham, professor of chemistry at University College, London, and afterwards master of the Mint. On his return from Australia Jevons was told by Graham that he would have been prepared...

... . Tead Ordway . 1918 . Instincts in Industry . Boston : Houghton Mifflin . Wallas Graham . 1914 . The Great Society: A Psychological Analysis . London : Macmillan . Walter Lippmann: The Making of a Public Economist Craufurd Goodwin In the decade and a half from the onset...