...Mary Wilhelmine Williams Copyright 1940 by Duke University Press 1940 Cádiz to Cathay: The Story of the Long Struggle for a Waterway Across the American Isthmus . By DuVal Miles P. Jr. [ Stanford Books in World Politics .] ( Stanford University : Stanford University Press...

... of the country from years of scholarly work and, in the case of Bigler, diplomatic and policy experience. The book focuses particular attention on the Panama Canal's management after the waterway's return to Panamanian control in 2000. The book describes election outcomes throughout the postinvasion period...

... boundary points. Border clashes ensued and relations between the countries were broken in 1873 and 1875. In those years Venezuelan strongman Antonio Guzmán Blanco, a Darwinist who interpreted compromise as weakness, tried to block Colombian access to disputed waterways. Mutual distrust grew...

... byproduct of the distillation of higher-purity ethanol alcohol, has contributed to troubling levels of water pollution and contamination of local waterways. Eaglin examines the product's baleful ecological and public health impacts, alongside fitful efforts at waste management and antidumping enforcement...

... waterways followed by the Argentine flag. More attention is paid to financing and organization of the various Dodero interests, in close combination with British capital and shippers, in describing activities during the booming years of World War I and after. And writers of social history will find the book...

..., when Ferdinand de Lesseps and the Universal Interoceanic Canal Company struggled valiantly, but without success, to complete a sea-level waterway. Skinner concentrates instead on the efforts of the New Panama Canal Company, formed in 1894 to pick up the pieces. Copyright 1990 by Duke University...

... in the area were motivated entirely by French incursions and were essentially reactive. France’s reliance on boats and inland waterways for exploration and settlement provided a great advantage over Spain, which sought out deep harbors for ships, then stressed overland expeditions of soldiers and settlers...

.... As a former president of Panama once tried to convey to gloating North Americans who persisted in believing they were singularly responsible for the building of the waterway: “The canal was built with French brains, American money, and West Indian sweat.” Michael Conniff, who has written previously...

... the boundary. The writer makes a good case for not using waterways like the Río Grande, with their unstable propensities, for international boundaries and points out the hazards of formulating international law applicable to rivers. We find that international law designed for rivers in humid country has...

... explorers? In the Columbus-Vespucci-Magellan sense it is not, as, with the emphasis then being placed upon a waterway through America, it was probably only a question of who would be first to explore this stretch of North American coast. On the other hand, evidence shows Verrazzano to have been...

... vehicle in the post–World War II era, praetorians who made and unmade politicians. But they were also guardians of a Panamanian nationalism that did not fit the United States regional paradigm for Panama as a tranquil place from which to operate a neutral and vital waterway. As Pearcy suggests, Omar...

... America. Nonetheless, the failure of the Ferdinand de Lesseps’s Interoceanic Canal Company to complete a transisthmian waterway overshadowed these successes. As chapters 5 and 6 show, the year 1903, when the U.S. government procured the rights to the Panama Canal, proved a watershed in French-Central...

... of the legendary treachery of that inhospitable waterway. Everything conspired to ruin his plans: Frost, hunger, disease, and the wreckage of ships and ship’s gear, so that “. . . Wee were beaten owt of the Straighte with a moste monsterous storme at weste southe weste.” Returning to the Brazilian coast...

..., by the villagers’ prior losses of land to private estates. Lipsett-Rivera discusses privatization (chapter 7) in terms of the loss of communal values evident in documented cases of internal squabbles over access to water in urban and rural settings and in the failure to maintain irrigation ditches and waterways...

... and political, economic, and social factors that helped define Caribbean societies. Further, his depiction of the characteristics of high-land-lowland agriculture and the manner in which planters successfully used waterways to promote their economic interests provides a useful framework for understanding...

... contributed significantly to colonial unity. Of considerable value in this part is the detailed discussion of communications and transportation. He compares and contrasts travels by paths and waterways. We learn, for example, that one small canoe carried the load of ten mules at one third of the cost. Taking...

... las Islas and Isabel Mejía, in 1568, to Juan Martín de Zerpa, who gave his son, Juan, and his wife, Juana de Morales, a block of land along the Carrasco waterway in 1589. Despite its lack of citations, this compilation displays Picón-Parras genealogical expertise. Chronological lists of all municipal...

... of Columbia University, applies the tool kit of the economist to information from a host of secondary sources in order to craft his answer to this question and to dispute competing responses. Leff’s version focuses on the high cost of transportation in Brazil. The lack of navigable waterways through areas...

... chapters by Runsten and Marsh, and Whiteford et al.). Significantly, nearly all the authors who undertook local case studies indicate that shifts in property regimes also stand to reignite long-standing feuds over land, waterways, and forest commons. These three broad arguments illustrate the necessity...

... with foodstuffs procured from indigenous groups on their eastern border, augmented their weaponry with guns and ammunition acquired from French and Anglo traders along the corridors of the Mississippi-Missouri waterway, and provided the livestock that revolutionized indigenous culture in the northern Plains...