...John A. Hussey From Cowhides to Golden Fleece. A Narrative of California, 1832-1858, Based Upon Unpublished Correspondence of Thomas Oliver Larkin of Monterey, Trader, Developer, Promoter, and Only American Consul . By Underhill Reuben L. . ( Stanford University : Stanford University...

...Walter Prichard Henry de Tonty: Fur Trader of the Mississippi . By Murphy Edmund Robert . [ Publications of the Institut Français de Washington .] ( Baltimore : Johns Hopkins Press , 1941 . Pp. xix , 129 . Frontispiece, maps, illustrations, appendix and bibliography . $2.00...

.... It spans the years from the arrival of Spaniards to the U.S.-Mexico War. Copyright 2002 by Duke University Press 2002 The Wichita Indians: Traders of Texas and the Southern Plains, 1540–1845 . By Smith F. Todd . Centennial Series of the Association of Former Students, Texas A&M...

... ones—are rehearsed; and as usual in reading such accounts, one is amazed at the calm acceptance of horrors by men who were not all brutes or monsters. Copyright 1969 by Duke University Press 1969 Sins of the Fathers. A Study of the Atlantic Slave Traders, 1441-1807 . By Pope-Hennessy...

..., wrote to Lord Dartmouth in July 1710: “The securing of the Brazil Fleet is certainly of the utmost importance to this kingdom and to our trade, the payment of all that is due to our traders depending on the safe return of the fleet, and certainly for all manner of reasons, too much care cannot be taken...

...Colin A. Palmer Traders, Planters, and Slaves: Market Behavior in Early English America . By Galenson David W. . New York : Cambridge University Press , 1986 . Map. Tables. Appendixes. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Pp. xiv , 230 . Cloth. Copyright 1988 by Duke University Press...

... Spanish policy. Similar exceptions can be observed in the commerce of other Spanish borderland colonies, such as Louisiana. Despite a few problems—most notably the repeated use of the term “Negro” instead of the preferred “black” or “Afro-American”— Indian Traders is a major contribution to the field...

... artisans into merchant investors and workingmen into artisans and petty traders. Even the clergy could not resist the temptations of profit-seeking and contrived to build their own small commercial fortunes outside the scrutiny of the Church. In short, the dynamics of material gain promoted economic...

...Paul Lokken Abstract The evidence presented in this article establishes the era of the major Portuguese asientos (1595–1640) as a key moment in the history of African migration to Spanish Central America. Between 1607 and 1628 alone, Portuguese slave traders made at least 15 voyages from Angola...

...Chloe Ireton Abstract Hundreds of Castilian free black men and women obtained royal travel licenses to cross the Atlantic in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries as black Old Christians. They settled across the Spanish Indies and developed trades as artisans, traders, sailors, healers...

... of the basin, primarily along the southern tributaries of the Amazon River. Export houses located in the major port cities of the basin—Belém, Manaus, and Iquitos—were among those providing credit to river traders who in turn supplied goods on credit to patrons, or rubber estate owners, and to rubber tappers...

... understood if it is isolated from its imperial context, but foreign trade obviously must be studied without losing sight of global interconnections. Yuste shows that Mexican traders managed trade with Philippine commercial organizations by relying mainly on encomenderos (men who had been given money...

... as 25 percent. The reader is also told exporters serving the Middle East markets demanded and exported predominantly female slaves, which is said to also contribute to reduced supply of female slaves to the European traders. But why the sex ratio of exports to the Middle East was not determined...

... mitigate local discontent and despair. As Pompeian clearly explains in his book, opening Venezuelan ports to neutral and allied foreign traders seemed the most viable and reasonable solution to the challenges imposed by the Atlantic revolutions, and, on their part, US traders positively responded...

... the first group of slaves was sold, usually within 10 to 15 days of arrival at Cartagena. The profit made was not very high, reaching only a bit more than 10 percent. For many slaves Cartagena was only an intermediate stop, Lima being their final destination. Slave traders tried to maximize their profits...

... Becknell’s opening of the Santa Fe trade, and the rapid commercial expansion that drew Americans as far south as Chihuahua and sent Mexican traders east to Missouri. Another informative chapter appears about the Native American presence on the Great Plains at the onset of the trade. This section introduces...

... and demand on the two continents. The gap between these prices, which supplied the immediate motivation to slave traders, drastically widened as the date of abolition neared. Just weeks before the end of the legal trade, the price of slaves at Cabinda on the coast of Africa had suddenly dropped to a fourth...

... then taken across the Isthmus of Panama. Cartagena was both the main entry point for African slaves to Spanish America and the leading reexport market around which the intraimperial slave routes in the Caribbean pivoted until about 1640. Thereafter, slave traders who were aiming to supply the Peruvian market...

... activities connected with trust and reveals his approach to the subject. The first two chapters analyze the Bilbao merchants; the third and fourth colonial trade and traders between Cádiz and Peru, and chapters 5, 6, and 7 the relation between merchants, confidentiality, trust, distrust, and networks...

... of the Santa Fe trail,” William Beeknell, nor does that trader ever mention James, though both were in Santa Fe at the same time, 1821-1822. This paperback, intended to supplement textbook readings in Western History, accomplishes much more: it makes available a valuable but somewhat prejudiced rare item...