... Bolivia and Peru in the War of the Pacific (1879-1883) completely transformed her economy. Within the confines of this rainless and remote region lay the only commercially productive nitrate deposits in the world; and the exploitation of this resource immediately became Chile’s most important enterprise...

...William F. Sater In short, the results of Monteón’s efforts are far from satisfying. We have not learned much that is new and instead are left pondering what occurred in Chile during the nitrate era. By failing to consult these materials, Monteón tends to depict Chile as a nation completely...

...Harold Blakemore The Nitrate Industry and Chile’s Crucial Transition: 1870-1891 . By O’Brien Thomas F. . New York : New York University Press , 1982 . Map. Tables. Appendix. Notes. Bibliography. Index . Pp. xvi , 211 . Cloth . $30.00 . Copyright 1983 by Duke University Press...

...Ronald H. Chilcote British Nitrates and Chilean Politics 1886-1896: Balmaceda & North . By Blakemore Harold . London , 1974 . The Athlone Press . Bibliographical Index. General Index. Map . Pp. viii , 260 . Cloth. $14.75 . Copyright 1977 by Duke University Press 1977...

..., the opinions of eminent jurists, and the example of other states with similar systems. 19 Bañados, however, also makes a number of allegations about the influence of foreign capital in Chile, asking rhetorically what influence the nitrate concessionaires had in the revolution. 20 He also hints darkly...

..., Memorias , 31, 43, 48 (1887, 1893, 1896). 90 CSFA, Memoria , 29 (1886); Marín Vicuña, Ferrocarriles , p. 39. 91 J. R. Brown, “Nitrate Crises, Combinations, and the Chilean Government in the Nitrate Age,” HAHR , 43 (May 1963), 230-233. 92 O’Brien, “Chilean Nitrate Entrepreneurs,” pp...

.... The Edwards family was typical of nouveau riche elements (often of foreign extraction) who acquired wealth in nitrates, mining, commerce, manufacturing, or banking, and merged with the elite. That Agustín Edwards Ossandón was the wealthiest and most successful of these upwardly mobile individuals is no more...

...Jack Ray Thomas A study of this nature presents a major problem to the scholar. A thorough knowledge of the practices employed in mining and processing nitrate is essential, but he must also be able to translate such knowledge into language which non-specialists can grasp. At the same time he...

... not (as the landowners often claimed) rustic farmworkers duped or coerced into the nitrate fields, but rather workers already with wage-earning experience, who voluntarily left their jobs seeking higher pay. In a fairly short time, given the heavy capital investment, the consequent requirement for specialized workers...

... economic activity. That same objectivity emerges in the treatment of the foreign entrepreneurs and engineers who played such a critical role in the development of nitrates. Bermúdez Miral is rightfully critical of such figures as John Thomas North and Robert Harvey whose flotation of numerous nitrate...

... of Duncan, Fox and Company, in a commission house to compete with the foreign firms. 3 Nor was William Gibbs and Company a typical commission house. This, the Valparaíso partner of Antony Gibbs and Sons of London, was by the 1870s managing copper and nitrate mines of its own. Neither appears to have...

... detailed portrait of that relationship in its climactic phase, when the first clear signs of decay appeared in the Chilean economy and in its British ties. The most significant portions of the book focus on the impact of British economic warfare and the development of the nitrate industry. The author...

... of prostitution in the nitrate region of Tarapacá during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He questions whether social class is a useful category in the study of prostitution, since prostitution was not unique to the working class. Gender, he argues, proves much more analytically useful than...

.... It is a land of extensive vineyards, but at times must agree to receive French wanes (perchance its own product bearing a French label), in exchange for its nitrates. It has a limited amount of fertile soil suitable for farming, and that is owned by a few families and carried on under the hacienda system...

... socialista y la construcción de la identidad obrera en Chile,” Julio Pinto Vallejos appraises the impact of early socialist and anarchist activism in the nitrate fields of northern Chile from a perspective that questions both the socialists’ linear measures of working-class progress and the national-populist...

... nitrates. It has a limited amount of fertile soil suitable for farming, and that is owned by a few families and carried on under the hacienda system, which is wasteful alike of land and of labor. Its mineral re­ sources are chiefly under foreign control. Nitrates and copper make up 72 per cent of its...

... ocupación militar chilena,” Anales de la Universidad del Norte , 5 (Antofagasta, 1966), 131–182. 108 J. Fred Rippy, “Economic Enterprises of the ‘Nitrate King’ and his Associates in Chile,” Pacific Historical Review , 17 (Nov. 1948), 457–465 and “British Investments in the Chilean Nitrate Industry...

...Alan Angell DeShazo very effectively demolishes the arguments of those who have exaggerated the centrality of the nitrate miners in the labor movement, and, by extension, the role of Luis Emilio Recabarren and of the Federación de Obreros Chilenos and the Communist party. Yet it remains a little...

... goods. Clayton discusses its identification with railroad building in Peru and Costa Rica and its role in Chilean nitrates and Peruvian sugar, in shipping, and in the Brazilian rubber trade. The early twentieth century saw a great expansion of the family-run firm. Casa Grace handled shipping...