... and Javier Valdez Cárdenas; novelists Leonides Alfaro, César López Cuadras, and the internationally acclaimed Élmer Mendoza; and painter Lenin Márquez. Polit argues that while some of their works may have added to the literary aestheticization of narcotraffickers' vices, codes, and masculinity (p. 63...

... reminded, has not ended the tremendous power exercised by the leading narcotraffickers. More devastating still for Bolivia was that the Siles government’s war on cocaine was directed not against wealthy producers of the drug, but at the small grower of the coca leaf. In 1983 and 1984, through United States...

... nations. Paraguay, for example, which has a deep involvement in narcotrafficking but no serious domestic drug use, receives substantial attention; but no mention is made of any attempts to develop USAID-sponsored antidrug education in Colombia. Similarly, no indication is given of whether education...

... to be indigenous, and what it means to be poor in Mexico today” (p. 179). In Where the River Ends , the Cucapá achieve this by engaging in several subversive practices, including defending traditional fishing rights, narcotrafficking, gender-based activism, and alternative linguistic preservation. As a result...

... has lived in Bolivia, Lehman is very sympathetic to the calamities that this small South American republic has endured in its relationship with the U.S. From the Chaco War which was fought, in part, over the Standard Oil interests, to narcotrafficking activities and U.S. involvement in stamping out...